TransferAssociating theauthority, sanction, orprestige of somethingwell-respected withsomething else inorder to make thelatter more accepted. HastyGeneralizationDrawing a broadconclusionbased oninsufficient orunrepresentativeevidence. LoadedLanguageUsing words orphrases withstrong emotionalconnotations toinfluence theaudience’sreaction. RedHerringDistracting fromthe main issuewith a seeminglyrelated butultimatelyirrelevant point. RepetitionRepeating keywords, phrases,or images tomake them morememorable andaccepted. AppealtoAuthorityUsing the opinion ofan authority figure(sometimesirrelevant or not anexpert) as evidenceto support anargument. CircularReasoningRestating theclaim ratherthan supportingit withevidence,creating a loop.NonSequiturThe conclusiondoes not followlogically fromthe previousstatement orargument. PlainFolksPresenting thespeaker or groupas average,relatable peopleto gain trust andacceptance. GlitteringGeneralitiesUsing vague,positive-soundingphrases thatappeal to valuesand beliefs withoutproviding detail.Appealto FearUsing fear orthreat of direconsequencesto pushacceptance of aconclusion. TestimonialsUsingendorsements orquotations fromfamous orinfluential peopleto support anargument.Persuasiona powerful toolthat usesspecifictechniques toinfluence beliefsand behaviors. PathosAppealtoEmotionFalseDilemmaPresenting onlytwo extremeoptions as theonly possiblechoices. EthosPersuadingthrough trust,authority, andcharacterAdHominemAttacking theperson makingan argumentrather than theargumentthemselvesRhetoricalQuestionAsking a questionnot meant to beanswered but toemphasize apoint or provokethought. FalseCauseAssuming thatbecause oneevent followsanother, the firstevent causedthe second. LogosPersuadingthroughreasoning,facts, andevidence.StrawManMisrepresentingor oversimplifyingsomeone’sargument tomake it easier toattack.BandwagonAppeal toPopularitySlipperySlopeArguing that onesmall first stepwill inevitablylead to a chain ofrelated (and oftenextreme) events. Free!TransferAssociating theauthority, sanction, orprestige of somethingwell-respected withsomething else inorder to make thelatter more accepted. HastyGeneralizationDrawing a broadconclusionbased oninsufficient orunrepresentativeevidence. LoadedLanguageUsing words orphrases withstrong emotionalconnotations toinfluence theaudience’sreaction. RedHerringDistracting fromthe main issuewith a seeminglyrelated butultimatelyirrelevant point. RepetitionRepeating keywords, phrases,or images tomake them morememorable andaccepted. AppealtoAuthorityUsing the opinion ofan authority figure(sometimesirrelevant or not anexpert) as evidenceto support anargument. CircularReasoningRestating theclaim ratherthan supportingit withevidence,creating a loop.NonSequiturThe conclusiondoes not followlogically fromthe previousstatement orargument. PlainFolksPresenting thespeaker or groupas average,relatable peopleto gain trust andacceptance. GlitteringGeneralitiesUsing vague,positive-soundingphrases thatappeal to valuesand beliefs withoutproviding detail.Appealto FearUsing fear orthreat of direconsequencesto pushacceptance of aconclusion. TestimonialsUsingendorsements orquotations fromfamous orinfluential peopleto support anargument.Persuasiona powerful toolthat usesspecifictechniques toinfluence beliefsand behaviors. PathosAppealtoEmotionFalseDilemmaPresenting onlytwo extremeoptions as theonly possiblechoices. EthosPersuadingthrough trust,authority, andcharacterAdHominemAttacking theperson makingan argumentrather than theargumentthemselvesRhetoricalQuestionAsking a questionnot meant to beanswered but toemphasize apoint or provokethought. FalseCauseAssuming thatbecause oneevent followsanother, the firstevent causedthe second. LogosPersuadingthroughreasoning,facts, andevidence.StrawManMisrepresentingor oversimplifyingsomeone’sargument tomake it easier toattack.BandwagonAppeal toPopularitySlipperySlopeArguing that onesmall first stepwill inevitablylead to a chain ofrelated (and oftenextreme) events. Free!

Persuasive Techniques and Fallacies - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Associating the authority, sanction, or prestige of something well-respected with something else in order to make the latter more accepted.
    Transfer
  2. Drawing a broad conclusion based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence.
    Hasty Generalization
  3. Using words or phrases with strong emotional connotations to influence the audience’s reaction.
    Loaded Language
  4. Distracting from the main issue with a seemingly related but ultimately irrelevant point.
    Red Herring
  5. Repeating key words, phrases, or images to make them more memorable and accepted.
    Repetition
  6. Using the opinion of an authority figure (sometimes irrelevant or not an expert) as evidence to support an argument.
    Appeal to Authority
  7. Restating the claim rather than supporting it with evidence, creating a loop.
    Circular Reasoning
  8. The conclusion does not follow logically from the previous statement or argument.
    Non Sequitur
  9. Presenting the speaker or group as average, relatable people to gain trust and acceptance.
    Plain Folks
  10. Using vague, positive-sounding phrases that appeal to values and beliefs without providing detail.
    Glittering Generalities
  11. Using fear or threat of dire consequences to push acceptance of a conclusion.
    Appeal to Fear
  12. Using endorsements or quotations from famous or influential people to support an argument.
    Testimonials
  13. a powerful tool that uses specific techniques to influence beliefs and behaviors.
    Persuasion
  14. Appeal to Emotion
    Pathos
  15. Presenting only two extreme options as the only possible choices.
    False Dilemma
  16. Persuading through trust, authority, and character
    Ethos
  17. Attacking the person making an argument rather than the argument themselves
    Ad Hominem
  18. Asking a question not meant to be answered but to emphasize a point or provoke thought.
    Rhetorical Question
  19. Assuming that because one event follows another, the first event caused the second.
    False Cause
  20. Persuading through reasoning, facts, and evidence.
    Logos
  21. Misrepresenting or oversimplifying someone’s argument to make it easier to attack.
    Straw Man
  22. Appeal to Popularity
    Bandwagon
  23. Arguing that one small first step will inevitably lead to a chain of related (and often extreme) events.
    Slippery Slope
  24. Free!