Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
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A-Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
N-Tibial S1,2
M-Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y-shaped" tendons
A-Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot
I-Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
I-Proximal Phalanx of first toe
M-Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius"
M-Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart")
A-Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
M-If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions
M-If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw-like" position
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane
A-Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint)
N-Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1
A-Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
M-Strongest Abductor of the Foot
N-Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1
N-First: Tibial L4, 5, S1
Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2
N-Tibial L5, S1, (2)
O-Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals
I-Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe
M-The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry"
O-Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula
I-Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint)
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
O-Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
N-Tibial L(4), 5, S1
A-Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
A-Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
M-Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint
M-Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius
O-Dorsal surface of calcaneus
I-Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
M-Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues
I-Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
O-Lateral supracondylar line of femur
A-Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
O-Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
O-Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals
N-Tibial S1, 2
N-Tibial S1, 2
A-Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
O-Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
I-Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
