Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot
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I-Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
N-Tibial S1, 2
A-Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
A-Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot
I-Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
A-Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
M-Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint
A-Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint)
O-Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula
O-Dorsal surface of calcaneus
N-Tibial S1,2
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
O-Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
A-Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
N-Tibial S1, 2
M-The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry"
M-If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions
I-Proximal Phalanx of first toe
N-Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A-Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
O-Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals
M-Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius
I-Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
O-Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint)
M-Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y-shaped" tendons
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane
N-Tibial L(4), 5, S1
O-Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals
N-First: Tibial L4, 5, S1
Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2
I-Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
I-Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe
N-Tibial L5, S1, (2)
A-Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
O-Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
I-Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes
M-If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw-like" position
O-Lateral supracondylar line of femur
N-Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1
A-Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
M-Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues
A-Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
M-Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius"
M-Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart")
M-Strongest Abductor of the Foot
