Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
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I-Proximal Phalanx of first toe
N-First: Tibial L4, 5, S1
Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint)
A-Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot
A-Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
O-Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
M-The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry"
O-Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
M-Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
A-Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
M-Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint
O-Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals
N-Tibial S1,2
A-Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
N-Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1
A-Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
N-Tibial L(4), 5, S1
I-Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
O-Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals
M-If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions
A-Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
M-Strongest Abductor of the Foot
A-Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
N-Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1
M-If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw-like" position
I-Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
M-Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y-shaped" tendons
M-Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius"
O-Lateral supracondylar line of femur
N-Tibial L5, S1, (2)
N-Tibial S1, 2
N-Tibial S1, 2
M-Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart")
O-Dorsal surface of calcaneus
I-Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
O-Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula
O-Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
A-Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint)
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
I-Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes
I-Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
M-Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius
I-Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
A-Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
