Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart") Popliteus Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint) Fibularis Longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Lumbricals of the foot If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw- like" position Flexor Digitorum Longus The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry" Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Quadratus Plantae Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius" Popliteus Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Tibialis Posterior Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) Abductor Hallucis Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y- shaped" tendons Extensor Digitorum Brevis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Fibularis Brevis Strongest Abductor of the Foot Flexor Hallucis Longus Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot Tibialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Soleus Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Tibial S1, 2 Soleus Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Tibialis Anterior Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint) Extensor Digitorum Longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Popliteus Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Extensor Hallucis Longus Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues Extensor Digitorum Longus Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes Flexor Hallucis Longus Distal phalanx of first toe Adductor Hallucis If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint) Abductor Digiti Minimi Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint) Dorsal Interossei Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals Quadratus Plantae Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4, 5, S1 Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Adductor Hallucis Tibial S1, 2 Plantar Interossei Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals Flexor Hallucis Brevis Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform Plantaris Lateral supracondylar line of femur Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal Phalanx of first toe Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) Plantar Interossei Tibial S1,2 Fibularis Longus Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe Tibialis Posterior Tibial L(4), 5, S1 Extensor Digitorum Brevis Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes Gastrocnemius Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart")
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A-Medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and flex the knee (T/F joint)
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
M-If this muscle is paralyzed the extensors will pull the toes into a "claw-like" position
M-The Flexor Hallucis Longus and this muscle form a junction known as the "Knot of Henry"
O-Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
M-Can also be referred to as the "Flexor Digitorum Accessorius"
M-Acts as the "key to the knee" in locking the tibiofemoral joint
A-Extend the first toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
O-Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane
A-Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
A-Extend second through fourth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints)
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1
M-Contain the two sesamoid bones of the hallux in its "Y-shaped" tendons
O-Dorsal surface of calcaneus
M-Strongest Abductor of the Foot
A-Flex the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of ankle (talocrural joint), invert the foot
I-Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
A-Plantar Flex the ankle (talocrural joint)
M-Lateral part of this muscle splits to become the fibularis tertius
N-Tibial L5, S1, (2)
N-Tibial S1, 2
O-Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; and posterior aspect of head of fibula
N-Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1
A-Invert the foot and Dorsiflex the ankle (talocrural joint)
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula; and interosseous membrane
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
I-Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
M-Doctors can use the strength of this muscle to test for L5 nerve issues
I-Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
M-If this muscle becomes tight or overworked it can create bunions
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and flex the 2nd-4th toes (metatarsophalangeal joint)
A-Flex the fifth toe and assists to abduct the fifth toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)
O-Adjacent surfaces of all metatarsals
I-Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
N-First: Tibial L4, 5, S1
Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2
N-Tibial S1, 2
O-Medial surfaces of 3rd-5th metatarsals
O-Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
O-Lateral supracondylar line of femur
I-Proximal Phalanx of first toe
A-Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint) and weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)
N-Tibial S1,2
N-Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1
I-Base of proximal phalanx of fifth toe
N-Tibial L(4), 5, S1
I-Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes
M-Acts as a crucial part of the circulatory system in the lower leg ("Second Heart")
