NegtiveoutputgapWhen actualGDP is belowpotential GDP,creatingunemployment.MPCTheproportion ofextra incomethat is spentCost-pushInflationcaused byrisingproductioncosts.MonetarypolicyCentral bankcontrol of interestrates and moneysupply toinfluence theeconomy.StagflationRising inflationcombined withrisingunemploymentand stagnantgrowth.Circularflow ofincomeThe movement ofmoney betweenhouseholds,firms,government andabroadUnemploymentWhen peoplewilling andable to workcannot find ajob.InjectionsG, I,XPositiveoutputgapWhen actualGDP exceedspotential GDP,creatinginflationarypressure.RealGDP percapitaThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods and servicesproduced within acountry in a year, atconstant prices,divided by populationDemand-pullInflationcaused byexcessdemand inthe economy.SeasonalUnemploymentoccurring atcertain timesof the year.CPIThe mainmeasure ofinflation basedon a basket ofgoods andservices.StructuralUnemploymentcaused by amismatch ofskills and jobrequirements.ADThe total demandfor goods andservices in aneconomy at agiven price leveland time.FiscalpolicyGovernmentuse of taxationand spendingto influencethe economy.LRASThe maximumproductivepotential of theeconomy whenall resources arefully employed.EconomicGrowthAn increase inthe productivecapacity of theeconomy,shown by a risein real GDPSRASThe relationshipbetween pricelevel and outputwhen wagesand some costsare fixed.ClassicalModelThe view thatmarkets self-correct and theeconomy operatesat full capacity inthe long run.FrictionalShort-termunemploymentwhen peoplemove betweenjobs.BudgetdeficitWhengovernmentspendingexceeds taxrevenue in ayearRealGDPThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods andservices producedwithin a country ina year, at constantpricesLeakagesS, T,MBusinesscycleFluctuationsin economicactivityNominalGDPThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods andservices producedwithin a country ina year at currentpricesCyclicalUnemploymentcaused by alack ofdemand duringa recession.DeflationA sustainedfall in thegeneralprice level.MultipliereffectThe process bywhich an initialchange inspending leadsto a largerchange in GDPKeynesianModelThe view thatAD determinesoutput andgovernmentintervention isoften neededInterestrateThe cost ofborrowingmoney or thereward forsaving.NominalGDP percapitaThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods and servicesproduced within acountry in a year atcurrent prices,divided by populationMPSTheproportion ofextra incomethat is savedNationaldebtThe totalaccumulationof pastgovernmentborrowingInflationA sustainedincrease inthe generalprice level.RPIAn oldermeasure ofinflationincludinghousing costs.DisinflationA fall inthe rate ofinflation.NegtiveoutputgapWhen actualGDP is belowpotential GDP,creatingunemployment.MPCTheproportion ofextra incomethat is spentCost-pushInflationcaused byrisingproductioncosts.MonetarypolicyCentral bankcontrol of interestrates and moneysupply toinfluence theeconomy.StagflationRising inflationcombined withrisingunemploymentand stagnantgrowth.Circularflow ofincomeThe movement ofmoney betweenhouseholds,firms,government andabroadUnemploymentWhen peoplewilling andable to workcannot find ajob.InjectionsG, I,XPositiveoutputgapWhen actualGDP exceedspotential GDP,creatinginflationarypressure.RealGDP percapitaThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods and servicesproduced within acountry in a year, atconstant prices,divided by populationDemand-pullInflationcaused byexcessdemand inthe economy.SeasonalUnemploymentoccurring atcertain timesof the year.CPIThe mainmeasure ofinflation basedon a basket ofgoods andservices.StructuralUnemploymentcaused by amismatch ofskills and jobrequirements.ADThe total demandfor goods andservices in aneconomy at agiven price leveland time.FiscalpolicyGovernmentuse of taxationand spendingto influencethe economy.LRASThe maximumproductivepotential of theeconomy whenall resources arefully employed.EconomicGrowthAn increase inthe productivecapacity of theeconomy,shown by a risein real GDPSRASThe relationshipbetween pricelevel and outputwhen wagesand some costsare fixed.ClassicalModelThe view thatmarkets self-correct and theeconomy operatesat full capacity inthe long run.FrictionalShort-termunemploymentwhen peoplemove betweenjobs.BudgetdeficitWhengovernmentspendingexceeds taxrevenue in ayearRealGDPThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods andservices producedwithin a country ina year, at constantpricesLeakagesS, T,MBusinesscycleFluctuationsin economicactivityNominalGDPThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods andservices producedwithin a country ina year at currentpricesCyclicalUnemploymentcaused by alack ofdemand duringa recession.DeflationA sustainedfall in thegeneralprice level.MultipliereffectThe process bywhich an initialchange inspending leadsto a largerchange in GDPKeynesianModelThe view thatAD determinesoutput andgovernmentintervention isoften neededInterestrateThe cost ofborrowingmoney or thereward forsaving.NominalGDP percapitaThe total monetaryvalue of all finalgoods and servicesproduced within acountry in a year atcurrent prices,divided by populationMPSTheproportion ofextra incomethat is savedNationaldebtThe totalaccumulationof pastgovernmentborrowingInflationA sustainedincrease inthe generalprice level.RPIAn oldermeasure ofinflationincludinghousing costs.DisinflationA fall inthe rate ofinflation.

Macro Bingo - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. When actual GDP is below potential GDP, creating unemployment.
    Negtive output gap
  2. The proportion of extra income that is spent
    MPC
  3. Inflation caused by rising production costs.
    Cost-push
  4. Central bank control of interest rates and money supply to influence the economy.
    Monetary policy
  5. Rising inflation combined with rising unemployment and stagnant growth.
    Stagflation
  6. The movement of money between households, firms, government and abroad
    Circular flow of income
  7. When people willing and able to work cannot find a job.
    Unemployment
  8. G, I, X
    Injections
  9. When actual GDP exceeds potential GDP, creating inflationary pressure.
    Positive output gap
  10. The total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a year, at constant prices, divided by population
    Real GDP per capita
  11. Inflation caused by excess demand in the economy.
    Demand-pull
  12. Unemployment occurring at certain times of the year.
    Seasonal
  13. The main measure of inflation based on a basket of goods and services.
    CPI
  14. Unemployment caused by a mismatch of skills and job requirements.
    Structural
  15. The total demand for goods and services in an economy at a given price level and time.
    AD
  16. Government use of taxation and spending to influence the economy.
    Fiscal policy
  17. The maximum productive potential of the economy when all resources are fully employed.
    LRAS
  18. An increase in the productive capacity of the economy, shown by a rise in real GDP
    Economic Growth
  19. The relationship between price level and output when wages and some costs are fixed.
    SRAS
  20. The view that markets self-correct and the economy operates at full capacity in the long run.
    Classical Model
  21. Short-term unemployment when people move between jobs.
    Frictional
  22. When government spending exceeds tax revenue in a year
    Budget deficit
  23. The total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a year, at constant prices
    Real GDP
  24. S, T, M
    Leakages
  25. Fluctuations in economic activity
    Business cycle
  26. The total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a year at current prices
    Nominal GDP
  27. Unemployment caused by a lack of demand during a recession.
    Cyclical
  28. A sustained fall in the general price level.
    Deflation
  29. The process by which an initial change in spending leads to a larger change in GDP
    Multiplier effect
  30. The view that AD determines output and government intervention is often needed
    Keynesian Model
  31. The cost of borrowing money or the reward for saving.
    Interest rate
  32. The total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a year at current prices, divided by population
    Nominal GDP per capita
  33. The proportion of extra income that is saved
    MPS
  34. The total accumulation of past government borrowing
    National debt
  35. A sustained increase in the general price level.
    Inflation
  36. An older measure of inflation including housing costs.
    RPI
  37. A fall in the rate of inflation.
    Disinflation