Andrewcarnegie:steelBoss Tweed - WilliamMarcy Tweed, head ofTammany Hall, NYC'spowerful democraticpolitical machine in 1868.Between 1868 and 1869 heled the Tweed Reign, agroup of corrupt politiciansin defrauding the city.Example: Responsible forthe constr- nobenefits/sickleave/vacation14th Amendment -Declares that allpersons born in theU.S. are citizens andare guaranteed equalprotection of the lawsTenement Houses - 6or 7 story housesbuilt on narrow lots,unsafe andunsanitary housingfor poor cityresidents.Entrepreneur- a personwho starts abusinessurbanization- movementto the cityImmigration Act of 1882 -This legislature outlined theexamination andadmittance restrictions andprocess for Americanimmigration. It was verylenient and let 98% ofimmigrants into the country.Department Stores - Largerstores that are organizedinto many separatedepartments and offermany product lines. Madepossible by increasedmanufacturing andshipping as well asmarketing advancements.Transcontinental Railroad -Completed in 1869 atPromontory, Utah, it linkedthe eastern railroad systemwith California's railroadsystem, revolutionizingtransportation in the westWilliam JenningsBryan - Democraticcandidate for presidentin 1896 under thebanner of "free silvercoinage" which wonhim support of thePopulist Party.- poorworkingconditions- lowpayAlexanderGraham Bell- InventedthetelephoneKnights of Labor - Majorlabor union created byTerrance Powderly. iT wasopen to unskilled workersand artisans. The groupwas very progressive andopen to all minorities,religions, and sexes. Themain reform fought for wasthe eight hour workdVerticalMonopolies -Owning a fairshare of each stepin the productionprocessJim Crow - Laws written toseparate blacks and whitesin public areas/meantAfrican Americans hadunequal opportunities inhousing, work, education,and government. Theselaws were legitimized bythe Plessy v. Fergusoncourt case. These lawswerTrusts - Firms orcorporations that combinefor the purpose of reducingcompetition and controllingprices (establishing amonopoly). They areformed in order tocircumvent antimonopolylaw suits by forming boardsof trustees that governseveralAmerican Federation ofLabor - Led by SamuelGompers, the unioncatered to skilled workersbecause their rights were alot more valuable and thuseasier to bargain with. Thepushed for pride in theworking class. Worked asmediators betweenemplInterstate CommerceAct - Established theICC (InterstateCommerceCommission) -enforced just andreasonable ratechangesMorill Land Grant Act -1862 Provide states 30,000acres for each member ofCongress to support stateagricultural colleges.Concentration onagriculture and homeeconomics(mechanization).Civil Service Reform -Congress took action in thelate 19th century to protectethical politicians andcreate standards forpolitical service; including,a civil service test for thoseseeking a job ingovernment.Andrew Carnegie - AScottish-born Americanindustrialist, began in theRR industry and then Steel.He practiced verticalmonopolies. His extremeattention to detail allowedhim to dominate themarket. He wrote theGospel of Wealth whichwas a phPlessy v. Ferguson -A 1896 SupremeCourt decision whichLegalizedsegregation as longas there wasseparate but equalaccommodations.-dissatisfactionwith work -monotony- Forbadelong haul -short hauldiscriminationJohn Rockefeller - One ofthe richest men in theworld, began inmerchandising beforegetting into oil refining. Hemicromanaged details inorder to reduce waste andimprove efficiency. Hecreates the monopoly,standard oil, which gaineda lot o- Railroadshad topublic rateschedulesLynching - After thesouthern governmentreturned to power after theend of reconstruction andfederal legislationprotecting civil rights wasvoted unconstitutional,southern states becameemboldened to intimidateAfrican Americans. Thisform oMonopoly -Complete controlof a product orbusiness by oneperson or groupPendleton Act of 1882 -Legislation which createdthe Civil ServiceCommission andestablished the CivilService Examinationsystem to regulateadvancements through thehierarchy of federal jobs, allwith the intent of hiring civilservice workePendleton Act - 1883law that created a CivilService Commissionand stated that federalemployees could notbe required tocontribute to campaignfunds nor be fired forpolitical reasonsVotingRestrictions -Literacy tests,poll taxes, andthe grandfatherclausesJane Addams - 1860-1935.Founder of SettlementHouse Movement. FirstAmerican Woman to earnNobel Peace Prize in 1931as president of Women'sInternational League forPeace and Freedom.Founded Hull House inChicago.- Prohibitedspecial ratesor rebatesDisenfranchisement- being deprived ofthe right to voteThomas Edison - Americaninventor best known forinventing the electric lightbulb, acoustic recording onwax cylinders, and motionpictures. His companymonopolized New Englandelectric supply untilmerging to form GeneralElectric.Thomas Nast - A famouscaricaturist and editorialcartoonist in the 19thcentury and is consideredto be the father ofAmerican politicalcartooning. His artworkwas primarily based onpolitical corruption. Hehelped people realize thecorruptioHaymarket Square Riot -100,000 workers rioted inChicago. After the policefired into the crowd, theworkers met and rallied inHaymarket Square toprotest police brutality. Abomb exploded, killing orinjuring many of the police.The Chicago woSettlement Houses -Community centers locatedin the slums and neartenements that gave aidand guidance to the poor,especially immigrants.Workers were youngidealists, mainly womenwith degrees who didn'thave other professions togo into. AsHorizontalMonopolies -Owning a majorityof one step in theproductionprocessSocial Darwinism -The belief that onlythe fittest survive inhuman political andeconomic struggle.Ellis Island - Animmigrant receivingstation that opened in1892, whereimmigrants were givena medical examinationand only allowed in ifthey were healthyAmerican Dream - Thewidespread belief that theUnited States is a land ofopportunity and that individualinitiative and hard work canbring economic success.American education systemimprovements allowed forhigh class society and moreopportu- Didn't allow forthe targetedregulation ofbusiness, but didallow to take themto court.light bulb -ThomasEdison:extendedworking hoursEthnic Neighborhoods -Immigrants wanted to beby people they knew,spoke the same language,had similar culture, andeased their homesickness.These areas began to takeon the appearance offoreign towns, filled withtheir art and influence.- yellowdogcontractsLaborIssues - -long workdaysNativists - Native bornAmericans that Dislikeimmigrants. Americanswho feared thatimmigrants would takejobs and impose theirRoman Catholic beliefson societySocial Gospel - Philosophyled by Walter Rauschenbusch(Urban baptist preacher whodisagreed with protestantbelief of the poor) and JacobRiis (journalist andphotographer whodocumented social reform)that believed slum conditionswere the reasThe Gospel of Wealth -This was a book written byCarnegie that describedthe responsibility of the richto be philanthropists. Thissoftened the harshness ofSocial Darwinism as wellas promoted the idea ofphilanthropy. He believedthat philantPolitical Machines - Corruptorganized groups thatcontrolled political partiesin the cities. A boss leadsthe machine by politicalpatronage and attempts tograb more votes for hisparty by appealing to thepoor (would act as theirfriend and gBessemer Process- A cheap andefficient processfor making steel,developed around1850-industrialaccidentsBefore the CW, theSouth didn't wantcheap southern landfearing free states,the south's secessionallowed for thelegislation to pass.Chinese Exclusion Act- 1882 - (1882) Deniedany additional Chineselaborers to enter thecountry while allowingstudents andmerchants toimmigrate, or otherswith special skills.Sherman Anti-Trust Act -First federal actionAGAINST monopolies, abusiness entity as trust orotherwise in restraint oftrade or commerce isdeclared illegal. Thelegislation was written veryvaguely and the federalgovernment was very pro-busOil Refining - Thecreating ofkerosene to powerlamps cheaplyexploded thepetroleum business.Johnrockefeller:oilNew Immigration - Thesecond major wave ofimmigration to the U.S.;between 1865-1910, the NewImmigrants came mostly fromSouthern and EasternEurope, fleeing persecutionand poverty. Languagebarriers and culturaldifferences produced mistrustPopulists - A partymade up of farmersand laborers thatwanted directelection of senatorsand an 8hr workingdayJ.P. Morgan - Banker whobuys out Carnegie Steeland renames it to U.S.Steel. Was a philanthropistin a way; he gave all themoney needed for WWIand was payed back. Wasone of the "Robber barons"- Brilliantorator,famous"Cross ofGold" speechMail Order Catalogs -Marketing strategydeveloped in late1800's and early1900's. Broughtconsumer products torural areas. Example:Sears and Roebuck,Montgomery Ward.Tin Pan Alley - is the namegiven to the collection ofNew York City-centeredmusic publishers andsongwriters who dominatedthe popular music of theUnited States in the late1800's and early 1900's.Homestead Act of 1862 -Legislation that granted160 acres of land inexchange for improving it.You couldn't be aconfederate and must fillour application and sign adeed. Goal was to populateand develop South so thatrailroads were moreprofLaissez-FaireEconomics -" Hands off"approach.Theory that opposesgovernmental interferencein economic affairs beyondwhat is necessary toprotect life and property.The government would usetactics of subsidies forrailroad andtelecommunications,protective tariffs, littleregulation, li- childlabor -miningGustavusswift:meatpackingAndrewcarnegie:steelBoss Tweed - WilliamMarcy Tweed, head ofTammany Hall, NYC'spowerful democraticpolitical machine in 1868.Between 1868 and 1869 heled the Tweed Reign, agroup of corrupt politiciansin defrauding the city.Example: Responsible forthe constr- nobenefits/sickleave/vacation14th Amendment -Declares that allpersons born in theU.S. are citizens andare guaranteed equalprotection of the lawsTenement Houses - 6or 7 story housesbuilt on narrow lots,unsafe andunsanitary housingfor poor cityresidents.Entrepreneur- a personwho starts abusinessurbanization- movementto the cityImmigration Act of 1882 -This legislature outlined theexamination andadmittance restrictions andprocess for Americanimmigration. It was verylenient and let 98% ofimmigrants into the country.Department Stores - Largerstores that are organizedinto many separatedepartments and offermany product lines. Madepossible by increasedmanufacturing andshipping as well asmarketing advancements.Transcontinental Railroad -Completed in 1869 atPromontory, Utah, it linkedthe eastern railroad systemwith California's railroadsystem, revolutionizingtransportation in the westWilliam JenningsBryan - Democraticcandidate for presidentin 1896 under thebanner of "free silvercoinage" which wonhim support of thePopulist Party.- poorworkingconditions- lowpayAlexanderGraham Bell- InventedthetelephoneKnights of Labor - Majorlabor union created byTerrance Powderly. iT wasopen to unskilled workersand artisans. The groupwas very progressive andopen to all minorities,religions, and sexes. Themain reform fought for wasthe eight hour workdVerticalMonopolies -Owning a fairshare of each stepin the productionprocessJim Crow - Laws written toseparate blacks and whitesin public areas/meantAfrican Americans hadunequal opportunities inhousing, work, education,and government. Theselaws were legitimized bythe Plessy v. Fergusoncourt case. These lawswerTrusts - Firms orcorporations that combinefor the purpose of reducingcompetition and controllingprices (establishing amonopoly). They areformed in order tocircumvent antimonopolylaw suits by forming boardsof trustees that governseveralAmerican Federation ofLabor - Led by SamuelGompers, the unioncatered to skilled workersbecause their rights were alot more valuable and thuseasier to bargain with. Thepushed for pride in theworking class. Worked asmediators betweenemplInterstate CommerceAct - Established theICC (InterstateCommerceCommission) -enforced just andreasonable ratechangesMorill Land Grant Act -1862 Provide states 30,000acres for each member ofCongress to support stateagricultural colleges.Concentration onagriculture and homeeconomics(mechanization).Civil Service Reform -Congress took action in thelate 19th century to protectethical politicians andcreate standards forpolitical service; including,a civil service test for thoseseeking a job ingovernment.Andrew Carnegie - AScottish-born Americanindustrialist, began in theRR industry and then Steel.He practiced verticalmonopolies. His extremeattention to detail allowedhim to dominate themarket. He wrote theGospel of Wealth whichwas a phPlessy v. Ferguson -A 1896 SupremeCourt decision whichLegalizedsegregation as longas there wasseparate but equalaccommodations.-dissatisfactionwith work -monotony- Forbadelong haul -short hauldiscriminationJohn Rockefeller - One ofthe richest men in theworld, began inmerchandising beforegetting into oil refining. Hemicromanaged details inorder to reduce waste andimprove efficiency. Hecreates the monopoly,standard oil, which gaineda lot o- Railroadshad topublic rateschedulesLynching - After thesouthern governmentreturned to power after theend of reconstruction andfederal legislationprotecting civil rights wasvoted unconstitutional,southern states becameemboldened to intimidateAfrican Americans. Thisform oMonopoly -Complete controlof a product orbusiness by oneperson or groupPendleton Act of 1882 -Legislation which createdthe Civil ServiceCommission andestablished the CivilService Examinationsystem to regulateadvancements through thehierarchy of federal jobs, allwith the intent of hiring civilservice workePendleton Act - 1883law that created a CivilService Commissionand stated that federalemployees could notbe required tocontribute to campaignfunds nor be fired forpolitical reasonsVotingRestrictions -Literacy tests,poll taxes, andthe grandfatherclausesJane Addams - 1860-1935.Founder of SettlementHouse Movement. FirstAmerican Woman to earnNobel Peace Prize in 1931as president of Women'sInternational League forPeace and Freedom.Founded Hull House inChicago.- Prohibitedspecial ratesor rebatesDisenfranchisement- being deprived ofthe right to voteThomas Edison - Americaninventor best known forinventing the electric lightbulb, acoustic recording onwax cylinders, and motionpictures. His companymonopolized New Englandelectric supply untilmerging to form GeneralElectric.Thomas Nast - A famouscaricaturist and editorialcartoonist in the 19thcentury and is consideredto be the father ofAmerican politicalcartooning. His artworkwas primarily based onpolitical corruption. Hehelped people realize thecorruptioHaymarket Square Riot -100,000 workers rioted inChicago. After the policefired into the crowd, theworkers met and rallied inHaymarket Square toprotest police brutality. Abomb exploded, killing orinjuring many of the police.The Chicago woSettlement Houses -Community centers locatedin the slums and neartenements that gave aidand guidance to the poor,especially immigrants.Workers were youngidealists, mainly womenwith degrees who didn'thave other professions togo into. AsHorizontalMonopolies -Owning a majorityof one step in theproductionprocessSocial Darwinism -The belief that onlythe fittest survive inhuman political andeconomic struggle.Ellis Island - Animmigrant receivingstation that opened in1892, whereimmigrants were givena medical examinationand only allowed in ifthey were healthyAmerican Dream - Thewidespread belief that theUnited States is a land ofopportunity and that individualinitiative and hard work canbring economic success.American education systemimprovements allowed forhigh class society and moreopportu- Didn't allow forthe targetedregulation ofbusiness, but didallow to take themto court.light bulb -ThomasEdison:extendedworking hoursEthnic Neighborhoods -Immigrants wanted to beby people they knew,spoke the same language,had similar culture, andeased their homesickness.These areas began to takeon the appearance offoreign towns, filled withtheir art and influence.- yellowdogcontractsLaborIssues - -long workdaysNativists - Native bornAmericans that Dislikeimmigrants. Americanswho feared thatimmigrants would takejobs and impose theirRoman Catholic beliefson societySocial Gospel - Philosophyled by Walter Rauschenbusch(Urban baptist preacher whodisagreed with protestantbelief of the poor) and JacobRiis (journalist andphotographer whodocumented social reform)that believed slum conditionswere the reasThe Gospel of Wealth -This was a book written byCarnegie that describedthe responsibility of the richto be philanthropists. Thissoftened the harshness ofSocial Darwinism as wellas promoted the idea ofphilanthropy. He believedthat philantPolitical Machines - Corruptorganized groups thatcontrolled political partiesin the cities. A boss leadsthe machine by politicalpatronage and attempts tograb more votes for hisparty by appealing to thepoor (would act as theirfriend and gBessemer Process- A cheap andefficient processfor making steel,developed around1850-industrialaccidentsBefore the CW, theSouth didn't wantcheap southern landfearing free states,the south's secessionallowed for thelegislation to pass.Chinese Exclusion Act- 1882 - (1882) Deniedany additional Chineselaborers to enter thecountry while allowingstudents andmerchants toimmigrate, or otherswith special skills.Sherman Anti-Trust Act -First federal actionAGAINST monopolies, abusiness entity as trust orotherwise in restraint oftrade or commerce isdeclared illegal. Thelegislation was written veryvaguely and the federalgovernment was very pro-busOil Refining - Thecreating ofkerosene to powerlamps cheaplyexploded thepetroleum business.Johnrockefeller:oilNew Immigration - Thesecond major wave ofimmigration to the U.S.;between 1865-1910, the NewImmigrants came mostly fromSouthern and EasternEurope, fleeing persecutionand poverty. Languagebarriers and culturaldifferences produced mistrustPopulists - A partymade up of farmersand laborers thatwanted directelection of senatorsand an 8hr workingdayJ.P. Morgan - Banker whobuys out Carnegie Steeland renames it to U.S.Steel. Was a philanthropistin a way; he gave all themoney needed for WWIand was payed back. Wasone of the "Robber barons"- Brilliantorator,famous"Cross ofGold" speechMail Order Catalogs -Marketing strategydeveloped in late1800's and early1900's. Broughtconsumer products torural areas. Example:Sears and Roebuck,Montgomery Ward.Tin Pan Alley - is the namegiven to the collection ofNew York City-centeredmusic publishers andsongwriters who dominatedthe popular music of theUnited States in the late1800's and early 1900's.Homestead Act of 1862 -Legislation that granted160 acres of land inexchange for improving it.You couldn't be aconfederate and must fillour application and sign adeed. Goal was to populateand develop South so thatrailroads were moreprofLaissez-FaireEconomics -" Hands off"approach.Theory that opposesgovernmental interferencein economic affairs beyondwhat is necessary toprotect life and property.The government would usetactics of subsidies forrailroad andtelecommunications,protective tariffs, littleregulation, li- childlabor -miningGustavusswift:meatpacking

Untitled Bingo - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Andrew carnegie: steel
  2. Boss Tweed - William Marcy Tweed, head of Tammany Hall, NYC's powerful democratic political machine in 1868. Between 1868 and 1869 he led the Tweed Reign, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city. Example: Responsible for the constr
  3. - no benefits/sick leave/vacation
  4. 14th Amendment - Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
  5. Tenement Houses - 6 or 7 story houses built on narrow lots, unsafe and unsanitary housing for poor city residents.
  6. Entrepreneur - a person who starts a business
  7. urbanization - movement to the city
  8. Immigration Act of 1882 - This legislature outlined the examination and admittance restrictions and process for American immigration. It was very lenient and let 98% of immigrants into the country.
  9. Department Stores - Larger stores that are organized into many separate departments and offer many product lines. Made possible by increased manufacturing and shipping as well as marketing advancements.
  10. Transcontinental Railroad - Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west
  11. William Jennings Bryan - Democratic candidate for president in 1896 under the banner of "free silver coinage" which won him support of the Populist Party.
  12. - poor working conditions
  13. - low pay
  14. Alexander Graham Bell - Invented the telephone
  15. Knights of Labor - Major labor union created by Terrance Powderly. iT was open to unskilled workers and artisans. The group was very progressive and open to all minorities, religions, and sexes. The main reform fought for was the eight hour workd
  16. Vertical Monopolies - Owning a fair share of each step in the production process
  17. Jim Crow - Laws written to separate blacks and whites in public areas/meant African Americans had unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and government. These laws were legitimized by the Plessy v. Ferguson court case. These laws wer
  18. Trusts - Firms or corporations that combine for the purpose of reducing competition and controlling prices (establishing a monopoly). They are formed in order to circumvent antimonopoly law suits by forming boards of trustees that govern several
  19. American Federation of Labor - Led by Samuel Gompers, the union catered to skilled workers because their rights were a lot more valuable and thus easier to bargain with. The pushed for pride in the working class. Worked as mediators between empl
  20. Interstate Commerce Act - Established the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission) - enforced just and reasonable rate changes
  21. Morill Land Grant Act - 1862 Provide states 30,000 acres for each member of Congress to support state agricultural colleges. Concentration on agriculture and home economics (mechanization).
  22. Civil Service Reform - Congress took action in the late 19th century to protect ethical politicians and create standards for political service; including, a civil service test for those seeking a job in government.
  23. Andrew Carnegie - A Scottish-born American industrialist, began in the RR industry and then Steel. He practiced vertical monopolies. His extreme attention to detail allowed him to dominate the market. He wrote the Gospel of Wealth which was a ph
  24. Plessy v. Ferguson - A 1896 Supreme Court decision which Legalized segregation as long as there was separate but equal accommodations.
  25. - dissatisfaction with work - monotony
  26. - Forbade long haul - short haul discrimination
  27. John Rockefeller - One of the richest men in the world, began in merchandising before getting into oil refining. He micromanaged details in order to reduce waste and improve efficiency. He creates the monopoly, standard oil, which gained a lot o
  28. - Railroads had to public rate schedules
  29. Lynching - After the southern government returned to power after the end of reconstruction and federal legislation protecting civil rights was voted unconstitutional, southern states became emboldened to intimidate African Americans. This form o
  30. Monopoly - Complete control of a product or business by one person or group
  31. Pendleton Act of 1882 - Legislation which created the Civil Service Commission and established the Civil Service Examination system to regulate advancements through the hierarchy of federal jobs, all with the intent of hiring civil service worke
  32. Pendleton Act - 1883 law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employees could not be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons
  33. Voting Restrictions - Literacy tests, poll taxes, and the grandfather clauses
  34. Jane Addams - 1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Founded Hull House in Chicago.
  35. - Prohibited special rates or rebates
  36. Disenfranchisement - being deprived of the right to vote
  37. Thomas Edison - American inventor best known for inventing the electric light bulb, acoustic recording on wax cylinders, and motion pictures. His company monopolized New England electric supply until merging to form General Electric.
  38. Thomas Nast - A famous caricaturist and editorial cartoonist in the 19th century and is considered to be the father of American political cartooning. His artwork was primarily based on political corruption. He helped people realize the corruptio
  39. Haymarket Square Riot - 100,000 workers rioted in Chicago. After the police fired into the crowd, the workers met and rallied in Haymarket Square to protest police brutality. A bomb exploded, killing or injuring many of the police. The Chicago wo
  40. Settlement Houses - Community centers located in the slums and near tenements that gave aid and guidance to the poor, especially immigrants. Workers were young idealists, mainly women with degrees who didn't have other professions to go into. As
  41. Horizontal Monopolies - Owning a majority of one step in the production process
  42. Social Darwinism - The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.
  43. Ellis Island - An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed in if they were healthy
  44. American Dream - The widespread belief that the United States is a land of opportunity and that individual initiative and hard work can bring economic success. American education system improvements allowed for high class society and more opportu
  45. - Didn't allow for the targeted regulation of business, but did allow to take them to court.
  46. light bulb - Thomas Edison: extended working hours
  47. Ethnic Neighborhoods - Immigrants wanted to be by people they knew, spoke the same language, had similar culture, and eased their homesickness. These areas began to take on the appearance of foreign towns, filled with their art and influence.
  48. - yellow dog contracts
  49. Labor Issues - - long work days
  50. Nativists - Native born Americans that Dislike immigrants. Americans who feared that immigrants would take jobs and impose their Roman Catholic beliefs on society
  51. Social Gospel - Philosophy led by Walter Rauschenbusch (Urban baptist preacher who disagreed with protestant belief of the poor) and Jacob Riis (journalist and photographer who documented social reform) that believed slum conditions were the reas
  52. The Gospel of Wealth - This was a book written by Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists. This softened the harshness of Social Darwinism as well as promoted the idea of philanthropy. He believed that philant
  53. Political Machines - Corrupt organized groups that controlled political parties in the cities. A boss leads the machine by political patronage and attempts to grab more votes for his party by appealing to the poor (would act as their friend and g
  54. Bessemer Process - A cheap and efficient process for making steel, developed around 1850
  55. - industrial accidents
  56. Before the CW, the South didn't want cheap southern land fearing free states, the south's secession allowed for the legislation to pass.
  57. Chinese Exclusion Act - 1882 - (1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate, or others with special skills.
  58. Sherman Anti-Trust Act - First federal action AGAINST monopolies, a business entity as trust or otherwise in restraint of trade or commerce is declared illegal. The legislation was written very vaguely and the federal government was very pro-bus
  59. Oil Refining - The creating of kerosene to power lamps cheaply exploded the petroleum business.
  60. John rockefeller: oil
  61. New Immigration - The second major wave of immigration to the U.S.; between 1865-1910, the New Immigrants came mostly from Southern and Eastern Europe, fleeing persecution and poverty. Language barriers and cultural differences produced mistrust
  62. Populists - A party made up of farmers and laborers that wanted direct election of senators and an 8hr working day
  63. J.P. Morgan - Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel. Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back. Was one of the "Robber barons"
  64. - Brilliant orator, famous "Cross of Gold" speech
  65. Mail Order Catalogs - Marketing strategy developed in late 1800's and early 1900's. Brought consumer products to rural areas. Example: Sears and Roebuck, Montgomery Ward.
  66. Tin Pan Alley - is the name given to the collection of New York City-centered music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 1800's and early 1900's.
  67. Homestead Act of 1862 - Legislation that granted 160 acres of land in exchange for improving it. You couldn't be a confederate and must fill our application and sign a deed. Goal was to populate and develop South so that railroads were more prof
  68. Laissez-Faire Economics - " Hands off" approach.
  69. Theory that opposes governmental interference in economic affairs beyond what is necessary to protect life and property. The government would use tactics of subsidies for railroad and telecommunications, protective tariffs, little regulation, li
  70. - child labor - mining
  71. Gustavus swift: meat packing