PrecedentA prior reportedopinion whichestablishes thelegal rule on thesame legalquestion.DueProcessConstitutionalguaranteethat all legalproceedingsare fair.StateCourtsCourts thathear disputesabout thelaws of onestate.JudicialReviewThe power ofthe SupremeCourt to decidewhat theConstitutionreally saysOralArgumentsSpokenpresentations to ajudge or appellatecourt by a lawyer oflegal reasons theyshould prevail.BenchTrialA trial whereonly the judgehears theevidence anddecides thecaseReverseWhen anappellate courtoverturns thetrial court’sverdictJuryTrialA trial where agroup of peoplelistens to theevidence anddecides thecaseDefendantThe party suedin a civil suit orthe partycharged in acriminal suit.CriminalCaseA lawsuit brought bya prosecutoremployed by a gov'tthat charges aperson with criminalactivity.AffirmWhen anappellatecourt decidesno mistakewas madeLegalBriefA written, legaldocumentpresented to acourt arguingwhy one partyshould prevail.JurisdictionThe authorityof a court tohear anddeterminecases.HabeasCorpusRequires lawenforcement toappear before ajudge to provelawfulimprisonment.AppellateCourtsCourtsabove thetrial courtAppellantA persondissatisfied with alower court'sjudgement seekingreview by a highercourt.LitigantThe term for anyparty to alawsuitexcludingwitnesses andattorneys.FederalCourtsCourts thathear disputesabout laws thatapply to theentire UnitedStatesTrialCourtsCourt thathears a casefor the firsttime. Writ ofCertiorariA type of writ bywhich anappellate courtdecides toreview a case.AppealAsking ahigher courtto review acaseDistrictCourtThe trialcourt in theFederalsystemIndictmentFormallycharges aperson witha criminaloffense.ProsecutorThe gov't attorneycharging andtrying the caseagainst a personaccused of acrime.TheSupremeCourtCourt that onlyreviews somecases, usuallyabout theConstitutionOriginalJurisdictionThe authorityof a court tohold a trialfirst.Court ofAppealsReviewscases to seeif the trialcourt made amistakeDissentAn explicitdisagreement byone or morejudges with thedecision of themajority.CivilCaseA noncriminallawsuit usuallyinvolvingprivateproperty.VerdictThedecisionat the endof a caseGrandJuryA panel of citizensconvened todecide theappropriateness ofan indictment.AppellateJurisdictionRefers to thepower of ahigher court toreview andrevise lowercourt decisions.EvidenceObjects orinformationused in court toprove whatreallyhappened PetitJuryThe panel of 12persons calledto issue averdict in a civilor criminal case.RemandWhen anappellatecourt sends acase back tothe trial courtAmicusCuriaeA person withstrong interestin a case butnot a party tothe action.PrecedentA prior reportedopinion whichestablishes thelegal rule on thesame legalquestion.DueProcessConstitutionalguaranteethat all legalproceedingsare fair.StateCourtsCourts thathear disputesabout thelaws of onestate.JudicialReviewThe power ofthe SupremeCourt to decidewhat theConstitutionreally saysOralArgumentsSpokenpresentations to ajudge or appellatecourt by a lawyer oflegal reasons theyshould prevail.BenchTrialA trial whereonly the judgehears theevidence anddecides thecaseReverseWhen anappellate courtoverturns thetrial court’sverdictJuryTrialA trial where agroup of peoplelistens to theevidence anddecides thecaseDefendantThe party suedin a civil suit orthe partycharged in acriminal suit.CriminalCaseA lawsuit brought bya prosecutoremployed by a gov'tthat charges aperson with criminalactivity.AffirmWhen anappellatecourt decidesno mistakewas madeLegalBriefA written, legaldocumentpresented to acourt arguingwhy one partyshould prevail.JurisdictionThe authorityof a court tohear anddeterminecases.HabeasCorpusRequires lawenforcement toappear before ajudge to provelawfulimprisonment.AppellateCourtsCourtsabove thetrial courtAppellantA persondissatisfied with alower court'sjudgement seekingreview by a highercourt.LitigantThe term for anyparty to alawsuitexcludingwitnesses andattorneys.FederalCourtsCourts thathear disputesabout laws thatapply to theentire UnitedStatesTrialCourtsCourt thathears a casefor the firsttime. Writ ofCertiorariA type of writ bywhich anappellate courtdecides toreview a case.AppealAsking ahigher courtto review acaseDistrictCourtThe trialcourt in theFederalsystemIndictmentFormallycharges aperson witha criminaloffense.ProsecutorThe gov't attorneycharging andtrying the caseagainst a personaccused of acrime.TheSupremeCourtCourt that onlyreviews somecases, usuallyabout theConstitutionOriginalJurisdictionThe authorityof a court tohold a trialfirst.Court ofAppealsReviewscases to seeif the trialcourt made amistakeDissentAn explicitdisagreement byone or morejudges with thedecision of themajority.CivilCaseA noncriminallawsuit usuallyinvolvingprivateproperty.VerdictThedecisionat the endof a caseGrandJuryA panel of citizensconvened todecide theappropriateness ofan indictment.AppellateJurisdictionRefers to thepower of ahigher court toreview andrevise lowercourt decisions.EvidenceObjects orinformationused in court toprove whatreallyhappened PetitJuryThe panel of 12persons calledto issue averdict in a civilor criminal case.RemandWhen anappellatecourt sends acase back tothe trial courtAmicusCuriaeA person withstrong interestin a case butnot a party tothe action.

Judicial Terms - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. A prior reported opinion which establishes the legal rule on the same legal question.
    Precedent
  2. Constitutional guarantee that all legal proceedings are fair.
    Due Process
  3. Courts that hear disputes about the laws of one state.
    State Courts
  4. The power of the Supreme Court to decide what the Constitution really says
    Judicial Review
  5. Spoken presentations to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer of legal reasons they should prevail.
    Oral Arguments
  6. A trial where only the judge hears the evidence and decides the case
    Bench Trial
  7. When an appellate court overturns the trial court’s verdict
    Reverse
  8. A trial where a group of people listens to the evidence and decides the case
    Jury Trial
  9. The party sued in a civil suit or the party charged in a criminal suit.
    Defendant
  10. A lawsuit brought by a prosecutor employed by a gov't that charges a person with criminal activity.
    Criminal Case
  11. When an appellate court decides no mistake was made
    Affirm
  12. A written, legal document presented to a court arguing why one party should prevail.
    Legal Brief
  13. The authority of a court to hear and determine cases.
    Jurisdiction
  14. Requires law enforcement to appear before a judge to prove lawful imprisonment.
    Habeas Corpus
  15. Courts above the trial court
    Appellate Courts
  16. A person dissatisfied with a lower court's judgement seeking review by a higher court.
    Appellant
  17. The term for any party to a lawsuit excluding witnesses and attorneys.
    Litigant
  18. Courts that hear disputes about laws that apply to the entire United States
    Federal Courts
  19. Court that hears a case for the first time.
    Trial Courts
  20. A type of writ by which an appellate court decides to review a case.
    Writ of Certiorari
  21. Asking a higher court to review a case
    Appeal
  22. The trial court in the Federal system
    District Court
  23. Formally charges a person with a criminal offense.
    Indictment
  24. The gov't attorney charging and trying the case against a person accused of a crime.
    Prosecutor
  25. Court that only reviews some cases, usually about the Constitution
    The Supreme Court
  26. The authority of a court to hold a trial first.
    Original Jurisdiction
  27. Reviews cases to see if the trial court made a mistake
    Court of Appeals
  28. An explicit disagreement by one or more judges with the decision of the majority.
    Dissent
  29. A noncriminal lawsuit usually involving private property.
    Civil Case
  30. The decision at the end of a case
    Verdict
  31. A panel of citizens convened to decide the appropriateness of an indictment.
    Grand Jury
  32. Refers to the power of a higher court to review and revise lower court decisions.
    Appellate Jurisdiction
  33. Objects or information used in court to prove what really happened
    Evidence
  34. The panel of 12 persons called to issue a verdict in a civil or criminal case.
    Petit Jury
  35. When an appellate court sends a case back to the trial court
    Remand
  36. A person with strong interest in a case but not a party to the action.
    Amicus Curiae