Antagonist muscle that does the opposite function of a main mover; example is biceps and triceps I band part of sarcomere with only thin filaments Platysma seen when straining the neck Pectoralis Major arm adduction Myosin thick filaments Troponin regulatory protein that binds with calcium Perimysium dense irregular CT; fascicle level Extensibility ability to stretch muscle tissue without damaging it Sarcomere functional unit of muscle tissue Aponeurosis Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a sheet- like tissue Orbicularis Oculi closes eyes Masseter mastication Insertion term for ending point of muscle that will move during muscle contraction Buccinator sucks in cheeks Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows for calcium release Eccentric muscle contraction where muscle is enlongating Contractility ability to shorten muscle tissue Quadriceps thigh flexors and knee extensors Elasticity recoil ability of muscle tissue T- Tubule organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows communication Biceps Brachii flexes forearm Smooth muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and non- striated Internal Intercostals pushes out air for exhalation Frontalis raises eyebrows Muscle fiber another name for muscle cells Mentalis wrinkles the chin Contraction period starts when calcium binds with troponin and ends when they unbind Sternocleidomastoid turns head laterally Skeletal muscle voluntary, multinucleate, and striated Gluteus Maximus biggest muscle in the body; thigh extensor Muscle tone the idea that muscle is always somewhat activated Relaxation period period where myosin and actin filaments are sliding back to their original positions Motor unit a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies Fast Glycolytic Fibers easily fatigable but good for short, powerful movements Summation the combination of messages/action potentials onto a muscle fiber Cross- bridge cycle starts with calcium binding with troponin, and ends when they unbind Epimysium dense irregular CT; surrounds whole muscles Trapezius stabilizes and depresses/elevates scapula Fast Oxidative Fibers moderately fatigable and will normally use aerobic respiration; has ability to use some anaerobic respiration Hamstrings thigh extensors and knee flexors Action Potential change of RMP that causes activation of a cell Tendon Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a rope- like tissue Concentric muscle contraction where muscle is shortening Endomysium areolar CT; around sarcolemma of muscle fibers Acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter that activates the sarcolemma Excitability muscle ability to respond to stimuli Sartorius longest muscle in the body; thigh flexion Synergist muscle that helps the main mover do its function Triceps Brachii extends forearm Excitation- contraction coupling entire process of activating the NMJ to contraction of muscle Fascicle group of muscle cells H zone part of sarcomere with only thick filaments Z discs structure of sarcomere that marks the ends Calcium chemical that allow ACh release and troponin binding Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) where the end of a motor neuron connects with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell Orbicularis Oris closes mouth Isotonic muscle contraction where the length changes Overload principle muscle will build up to prevent muscle damage from occurring again Sarcolemma plasma membrane for muscle cells Deltoid arm abduction Tropomyosin regulatory protein that blocks binding sites on actin Gastrocnemius and Soleus plantar flexion Latent period starts when sarcolemma is activated; ends when calcium reaches troponin Actin thin filaments External Intercostals opens ribcage for inspiration Twitch muscle contraction activated by only one action potential Slow Oxidative Fibers fibers that solely rely on cellular respiration; fatigue- resistant Latissimus Dorsi arm extension A band 'dark' zone that is made up of H zone and zone of overlap Palmaris Longus can be seen when you oppose fingers and flex wrist M line middle part of sarcomere made of supporting proteins Cardiac muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and striated Isometric muscle contraction where there is no movement Origin term for starting point of muscle that would not move during muscle contraction Myoglobin protein within muscle cell that is responsible for holding oxygen Myofibrils general name for proteins within muscle fibers Agonist main mover of a movement Tibialis Anterior dorsiflexion Zygomaticus smiling muscle Antagonist muscle that does the opposite function of a main mover; example is biceps and triceps I band part of sarcomere with only thin filaments Platysma seen when straining the neck Pectoralis Major arm adduction Myosin thick filaments Troponin regulatory protein that binds with calcium Perimysium dense irregular CT; fascicle level Extensibility ability to stretch muscle tissue without damaging it Sarcomere functional unit of muscle tissue Aponeurosis Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a sheet- like tissue Orbicularis Oculi closes eyes Masseter mastication Insertion term for ending point of muscle that will move during muscle contraction Buccinator sucks in cheeks Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows for calcium release Eccentric muscle contraction where muscle is enlongating Contractility ability to shorten muscle tissue Quadriceps thigh flexors and knee extensors Elasticity recoil ability of muscle tissue T- Tubule organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows communication Biceps Brachii flexes forearm Smooth muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and non- striated Internal Intercostals pushes out air for exhalation Frontalis raises eyebrows Muscle fiber another name for muscle cells Mentalis wrinkles the chin Contraction period starts when calcium binds with troponin and ends when they unbind Sternocleidomastoid turns head laterally Skeletal muscle voluntary, multinucleate, and striated Gluteus Maximus biggest muscle in the body; thigh extensor Muscle tone the idea that muscle is always somewhat activated Relaxation period period where myosin and actin filaments are sliding back to their original positions Motor unit a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies Fast Glycolytic Fibers easily fatigable but good for short, powerful movements Summation the combination of messages/action potentials onto a muscle fiber Cross- bridge cycle starts with calcium binding with troponin, and ends when they unbind Epimysium dense irregular CT; surrounds whole muscles Trapezius stabilizes and depresses/elevates scapula Fast Oxidative Fibers moderately fatigable and will normally use aerobic respiration; has ability to use some anaerobic respiration Hamstrings thigh extensors and knee flexors Action Potential change of RMP that causes activation of a cell Tendon Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a rope- like tissue Concentric muscle contraction where muscle is shortening Endomysium areolar CT; around sarcolemma of muscle fibers Acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter that activates the sarcolemma Excitability muscle ability to respond to stimuli Sartorius longest muscle in the body; thigh flexion Synergist muscle that helps the main mover do its function Triceps Brachii extends forearm Excitation- contraction coupling entire process of activating the NMJ to contraction of muscle Fascicle group of muscle cells H zone part of sarcomere with only thick filaments Z discs structure of sarcomere that marks the ends Calcium chemical that allow ACh release and troponin binding Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) where the end of a motor neuron connects with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell Orbicularis Oris closes mouth Isotonic muscle contraction where the length changes Overload principle muscle will build up to prevent muscle damage from occurring again Sarcolemma plasma membrane for muscle cells Deltoid arm abduction Tropomyosin regulatory protein that blocks binding sites on actin Gastrocnemius and Soleus plantar flexion Latent period starts when sarcolemma is activated; ends when calcium reaches troponin Actin thin filaments External Intercostals opens ribcage for inspiration Twitch muscle contraction activated by only one action potential Slow Oxidative Fibers fibers that solely rely on cellular respiration; fatigue- resistant Latissimus Dorsi arm extension A band 'dark' zone that is made up of H zone and zone of overlap Palmaris Longus can be seen when you oppose fingers and flex wrist M line middle part of sarcomere made of supporting proteins Cardiac muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and striated Isometric muscle contraction where there is no movement Origin term for starting point of muscle that would not move during muscle contraction Myoglobin protein within muscle cell that is responsible for holding oxygen Myofibrils general name for proteins within muscle fibers Agonist main mover of a movement Tibialis Anterior dorsiflexion Zygomaticus smiling muscle
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muscle that does the opposite function of a main mover; example is biceps and triceps
part of sarcomere with only thin filaments
seen when straining the neck
arm adduction
thick filaments
regulatory protein that binds with calcium
dense irregular CT; fascicle level
ability to stretch muscle tissue without damaging it
functional unit of muscle tissue
Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a sheet-like tissue
closes eyes
mastication
term for ending point of muscle that will move during muscle contraction
sucks in cheeks
organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows for calcium release
muscle contraction where muscle is enlongating
ability to shorten muscle tissue
thigh flexors and knee extensors
recoil ability of muscle tissue
organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows communication
flexes forearm
involuntary, uninucleate, and non-striated
pushes out air for exhalation
raises eyebrows
another name for muscle cells
wrinkles the chin
starts when calcium binds with troponin and ends when they unbind
turns head laterally
voluntary, multinucleate, and striated
biggest muscle in the body; thigh extensor
the idea that muscle is always somewhat activated
period where myosin and actin filaments are sliding back to their original positions
a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies
easily fatigable but good for short, powerful movements
the combination of messages/action potentials onto a muscle fiber
starts with calcium binding with troponin, and ends when they unbind
dense irregular CT; surrounds whole muscles
stabilizes and depresses/elevates scapula
moderately fatigable and will normally use aerobic respiration; has ability to use some anaerobic respiration
thigh extensors and knee flexors
change of RMP that causes activation of a cell
Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a rope-like tissue
muscle contraction where muscle is shortening
areolar CT; around sarcolemma of muscle fibers
neurotransmitter that activates the sarcolemma
muscle ability to respond to stimuli
longest muscle in the body; thigh flexion
muscle that helps the main mover do its function
extends forearm
entire process of activating the NMJ to contraction of muscle
group of muscle cells
part of sarcomere with only thick filaments
structure of sarcomere that marks the ends
chemical that allow ACh release and troponin binding
where the end of a motor neuron connects with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell
closes mouth
muscle contraction where the length changes
muscle will build up to prevent muscle damage from occurring again
plasma membrane for muscle cells
arm abduction
regulatory protein that blocks binding sites on actin
plantar flexion
starts when sarcolemma is activated; ends when calcium reaches troponin
thin filaments
opens ribcage for inspiration
muscle contraction activated by only one action potential
fibers that solely rely on cellular respiration; fatigue-resistant
arm extension
'dark' zone that is made up of H zone and zone of overlap
can be seen when you oppose fingers and flex wrist
middle part of sarcomere made of supporting proteins
involuntary, uninucleate, and striated
muscle contraction where there is no movement
term for starting point of muscle that would not move during muscle contraction
protein within muscle cell that is responsible for holding oxygen
general name for proteins within muscle fibers
main mover of a movement
dorsiflexion
smiling muscle
