Isotonic muscle contraction where the length changes Slow Oxidative Fibers fibers that solely rely on cellular respiration; fatigue- resistant Eccentric muscle contraction where muscle is enlongating Extensibility ability to stretch muscle tissue without damaging it Muscle fiber another name for muscle cells Motor unit a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies Fast Oxidative Fibers moderately fatigable and will normally use aerobic respiration; has ability to use some anaerobic respiration Overload principle muscle will build up to prevent muscle damage from occurring again Sternocleidomastoid turns head laterally Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows for calcium release Endomysium areolar CT; around sarcolemma of muscle fibers Myoglobin protein within muscle cell that is responsible for holding oxygen Origin term for starting point of muscle that would not move during muscle contraction T- Tubule organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows communication Mentalis wrinkles the chin Skeletal muscle voluntary, multinucleate, and striated Smooth muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and non- striated Latissimus Dorsi arm extension Tibialis Anterior dorsiflexion Gluteus Maximus biggest muscle in the body; thigh extensor Pectoralis Major arm adduction Antagonist muscle that does the opposite function of a main mover; example is biceps and triceps Excitation- contraction coupling entire process of activating the NMJ to contraction of muscle Action Potential change of RMP that causes activation of a cell Tropomyosin regulatory protein that blocks binding sites on actin Synergist muscle that helps the main mover do its function Epimysium dense irregular CT; surrounds whole muscles Agonist main mover of a movement Triceps Brachii extends forearm Cardiac muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and striated Cross- bridge cycle starts with calcium binding with troponin, and ends when they unbind Platysma seen when straining the neck Trapezius stabilizes and depresses/elevates scapula Tendon Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a rope- like tissue H zone part of sarcomere with only thick filaments Gastrocnemius and Soleus plantar flexion Sartorius longest muscle in the body; thigh flexion Perimysium dense irregular CT; fascicle level Masseter mastication I band part of sarcomere with only thin filaments Latent period starts when sarcolemma is activated; ends when calcium reaches troponin Contraction period starts when calcium binds with troponin and ends when they unbind Sarcomere functional unit of muscle tissue Zygomaticus smiling muscle Palmaris Longus can be seen when you oppose fingers and flex wrist Contractility ability to shorten muscle tissue Insertion term for ending point of muscle that will move during muscle contraction Muscle tone the idea that muscle is always somewhat activated Internal Intercostals pushes out air for exhalation Frontalis raises eyebrows Aponeurosis Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a sheet- like tissue Calcium chemical that allow ACh release and troponin binding M line middle part of sarcomere made of supporting proteins Biceps Brachii flexes forearm Orbicularis Oculi closes eyes External Intercostals opens ribcage for inspiration Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) where the end of a motor neuron connects with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell Z discs structure of sarcomere that marks the ends Myofibrils general name for proteins within muscle fibers Twitch muscle contraction activated by only one action potential Orbicularis Oris closes mouth Hamstrings thigh extensors and knee flexors Relaxation period period where myosin and actin filaments are sliding back to their original positions Quadriceps thigh flexors and knee extensors Troponin regulatory protein that binds with calcium Sarcolemma plasma membrane for muscle cells Isometric muscle contraction where there is no movement Actin thin filaments Concentric muscle contraction where muscle is shortening Excitability muscle ability to respond to stimuli Fascicle group of muscle cells Summation the combination of messages/action potentials onto a muscle fiber Myosin thick filaments A band 'dark' zone that is made up of H zone and zone of overlap Elasticity recoil ability of muscle tissue Buccinator sucks in cheeks Acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter that activates the sarcolemma Deltoid arm abduction Fast Glycolytic Fibers easily fatigable but good for short, powerful movements Isotonic muscle contraction where the length changes Slow Oxidative Fibers fibers that solely rely on cellular respiration; fatigue- resistant Eccentric muscle contraction where muscle is enlongating Extensibility ability to stretch muscle tissue without damaging it Muscle fiber another name for muscle cells Motor unit a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies Fast Oxidative Fibers moderately fatigable and will normally use aerobic respiration; has ability to use some anaerobic respiration Overload principle muscle will build up to prevent muscle damage from occurring again Sternocleidomastoid turns head laterally Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR) organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows for calcium release Endomysium areolar CT; around sarcolemma of muscle fibers Myoglobin protein within muscle cell that is responsible for holding oxygen Origin term for starting point of muscle that would not move during muscle contraction T- Tubule organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows communication Mentalis wrinkles the chin Skeletal muscle voluntary, multinucleate, and striated Smooth muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and non- striated Latissimus Dorsi arm extension Tibialis Anterior dorsiflexion Gluteus Maximus biggest muscle in the body; thigh extensor Pectoralis Major arm adduction Antagonist muscle that does the opposite function of a main mover; example is biceps and triceps Excitation- contraction coupling entire process of activating the NMJ to contraction of muscle Action Potential change of RMP that causes activation of a cell Tropomyosin regulatory protein that blocks binding sites on actin Synergist muscle that helps the main mover do its function Epimysium dense irregular CT; surrounds whole muscles Agonist main mover of a movement Triceps Brachii extends forearm Cardiac muscle involuntary, uninucleate, and striated Cross- bridge cycle starts with calcium binding with troponin, and ends when they unbind Platysma seen when straining the neck Trapezius stabilizes and depresses/elevates scapula Tendon Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a rope- like tissue H zone part of sarcomere with only thick filaments Gastrocnemius and Soleus plantar flexion Sartorius longest muscle in the body; thigh flexion Perimysium dense irregular CT; fascicle level Masseter mastication I band part of sarcomere with only thin filaments Latent period starts when sarcolemma is activated; ends when calcium reaches troponin Contraction period starts when calcium binds with troponin and ends when they unbind Sarcomere functional unit of muscle tissue Zygomaticus smiling muscle Palmaris Longus can be seen when you oppose fingers and flex wrist Contractility ability to shorten muscle tissue Insertion term for ending point of muscle that will move during muscle contraction Muscle tone the idea that muscle is always somewhat activated Internal Intercostals pushes out air for exhalation Frontalis raises eyebrows Aponeurosis Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a sheet- like tissue Calcium chemical that allow ACh release and troponin binding M line middle part of sarcomere made of supporting proteins Biceps Brachii flexes forearm Orbicularis Oculi closes eyes External Intercostals opens ribcage for inspiration Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) where the end of a motor neuron connects with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell Z discs structure of sarcomere that marks the ends Myofibrils general name for proteins within muscle fibers Twitch muscle contraction activated by only one action potential Orbicularis Oris closes mouth Hamstrings thigh extensors and knee flexors Relaxation period period where myosin and actin filaments are sliding back to their original positions Quadriceps thigh flexors and knee extensors Troponin regulatory protein that binds with calcium Sarcolemma plasma membrane for muscle cells Isometric muscle contraction where there is no movement Actin thin filaments Concentric muscle contraction where muscle is shortening Excitability muscle ability to respond to stimuli Fascicle group of muscle cells Summation the combination of messages/action potentials onto a muscle fiber Myosin thick filaments A band 'dark' zone that is made up of H zone and zone of overlap Elasticity recoil ability of muscle tissue Buccinator sucks in cheeks Acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter that activates the sarcolemma Deltoid arm abduction Fast Glycolytic Fibers easily fatigable but good for short, powerful movements
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muscle contraction where the length changes
fibers that solely rely on cellular respiration; fatigue-resistant
muscle contraction where muscle is enlongating
ability to stretch muscle tissue without damaging it
another name for muscle cells
a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies
moderately fatigable and will normally use aerobic respiration; has ability to use some anaerobic respiration
muscle will build up to prevent muscle damage from occurring again
turns head laterally
organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows for calcium release
areolar CT; around sarcolemma of muscle fibers
protein within muscle cell that is responsible for holding oxygen
term for starting point of muscle that would not move during muscle contraction
organelle specific to muscle fibers that allows communication
wrinkles the chin
voluntary, multinucleate, and striated
involuntary, uninucleate, and non-striated
arm extension
dorsiflexion
biggest muscle in the body; thigh extensor
arm adduction
muscle that does the opposite function of a main mover; example is biceps and triceps
entire process of activating the NMJ to contraction of muscle
change of RMP that causes activation of a cell
regulatory protein that blocks binding sites on actin
muscle that helps the main mover do its function
dense irregular CT; surrounds whole muscles
main mover of a movement
extends forearm
involuntary, uninucleate, and striated
starts with calcium binding with troponin, and ends when they unbind
seen when straining the neck
stabilizes and depresses/elevates scapula
Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a rope-like tissue
part of sarcomere with only thick filaments
plantar flexion
longest muscle in the body; thigh flexion
dense irregular CT; fascicle level
mastication
part of sarcomere with only thin filaments
starts when sarcolemma is activated; ends when calcium reaches troponin
starts when calcium binds with troponin and ends when they unbind
functional unit of muscle tissue
smiling muscle
can be seen when you oppose fingers and flex wrist
ability to shorten muscle tissue
term for ending point of muscle that will move during muscle contraction
the idea that muscle is always somewhat activated
pushes out air for exhalation
raises eyebrows
Indirect attachment of muscles to each other using a sheet-like tissue
chemical that allow ACh release and troponin binding
middle part of sarcomere made of supporting proteins
flexes forearm
closes eyes
opens ribcage for inspiration
where the end of a motor neuron connects with the sarcolemma of a muscle cell
structure of sarcomere that marks the ends
general name for proteins within muscle fibers
muscle contraction activated by only one action potential
closes mouth
thigh extensors and knee flexors
period where myosin and actin filaments are sliding back to their original positions
thigh flexors and knee extensors
regulatory protein that binds with calcium
plasma membrane for muscle cells
muscle contraction where there is no movement
thin filaments
muscle contraction where muscle is shortening
muscle ability to respond to stimuli
group of muscle cells
the combination of messages/action potentials onto a muscle fiber
thick filaments
'dark' zone that is made up of H zone and zone of overlap
recoil ability of muscle tissue
sucks in cheeks
neurotransmitter that activates the sarcolemma
arm abduction
easily fatigable but good for short, powerful movements
