ControlgroupA group thatis notsubjected tothe IV in aexperimentTest-retestreliabilityWhen the sameparticipant willget the sameresult on a teston multipleoccasionsValidityWhen a test orexperimentaccuratelymeasures whatit intends tomeasureSemi-structuredThis is a type ofinterview formatwhereby theresearcher has someguiding questions andprompts, but alsoallows the participantto expand on topicsrelevant to themEcologicalvalidityThe extent towhich the findingsof a researchstudy are able tobe generalized toreal-life settingsQualitativeresearchThis type ofresearch approachrelies oninterpretingmeaning from non-numerical dataQuantitativeresearchThis type ofresearchapproach relieson numbersand statisticaltestingConveniencesamplingThis samplingtechnique means thatresearchers recruitparticipants based onhow convenient andeasy they are toaccess.SubjectivityThe grounds onwhich qualitativeresearch may oftenbe criticised, due tothe findings beingbased on theresearcher’s personalopinionCasestudyAn in depthinvestigationinto only oneperson orsituationRandomsamplingThis samplingtechnique means thateach individual withina given targetpopulation, have anequal likelihood ofbeing selected totake part in a study.CorrelationThis is a statisticaltechnique thatexamines therelationshipbetween twovariablesGeneratecodesThis is the secondstage of Braun andClarkes 6 stepThematic Analysis,whereby theresearcher labels theirdata in a way thatcaptures somethingabout the meaning.ReductionistA criticism ofquantitativeapproaches, in thatthey try to reducecomplex phenomenato statistics andnumbersDouble-blindWhen neither theexperimenter northe participantsare aware of whichexperimentalgroup they areassigned toDemandcharacteristicsWhen participantstry to guess the truepurpose of anexperiment andbehave in a waythey believe theexperimenters wantInter-raterreliabilityWhen twoobservers/experimentersgive consistent ratingsfor the same participants.Mixed-MethodsThis is a researchapproach wherebyresearchers collectand analyse bothquantitative andqualitative data.ThematicAnalysisThis is a guidingframeworkresearchers may useto analyse qualitativedata, popularised byBraun and Clarke(2006).Acquiescencebiasthe tendency forsurvey respondentsto agree withresearch statements,without the actionbeing a true reflectionof their own positionor the question itselfRepeatedmeasuresWhere eachparticipant isassigned tomore than onecondition of theIVInterviewScheduleThis can beconsidered as aguide/script thatinterviewersask questionsfromMeta-analysisA technique whererather than conductingnew research withparticipants, theresearchers examinethe results of severalstudies that havealready beenconductedLabexperimentThis quantitative,experimentalmethod, has ahigh level ofcontrol over theIV and DVPlaceboA fake (ordummy)treatment givento patients in thecontrol group ofa clinical trial.FocusGroupsThis is a methodof data collectionwhereby peoplediscuss aparticular topic insmall groupsMatched-pairsThere are equalgroups whereparticipants arematched based oncertaincharacteristics e.g.gender, age…etcInformedconsentWhen participantsare given all thenecessaryinformation aboutan experimentbefore agreeing totake partParticipantvariablescharacteristics ofparticipants thatmayunintentionallyinfluence how theyrespond to the DVe.g. age, genderDatatriangulationThe researcheruses more thanone method toverify/checktheir findings.ObjectivityThis wordmeans thatresults impartial,and are notinfluenced bypersonal biasesObserverbiasWhereexperimenters/observersrate behaviour differentlydue to having a desiredoutcomeOvertobservationwhere a researchertells the participantsthat they are beingobserved and whatthey are beingobserved for.FatigueEffectsa decline inperformance on aprolonged ordemanding researchtask that is generallyattributed to theparticipant becomingtired or bored with thetask.ControlgroupA group thatis notsubjected tothe IV in aexperimentTest-retestreliabilityWhen the sameparticipant willget the sameresult on a teston multipleoccasionsValidityWhen a test orexperimentaccuratelymeasures whatit intends tomeasureSemi-structuredThis is a type ofinterview formatwhereby theresearcher has someguiding questions andprompts, but alsoallows the participantto expand on topicsrelevant to themEcologicalvalidityThe extent towhich the findingsof a researchstudy are able tobe generalized toreal-life settingsQualitativeresearchThis type ofresearch approachrelies oninterpretingmeaning from non-numerical dataQuantitativeresearchThis type ofresearchapproach relieson numbersand statisticaltestingConveniencesamplingThis samplingtechnique means thatresearchers recruitparticipants based onhow convenient andeasy they are toaccess.SubjectivityThe grounds onwhich qualitativeresearch may oftenbe criticised, due tothe findings beingbased on theresearcher’s personalopinionCasestudyAn in depthinvestigationinto only oneperson orsituationRandomsamplingThis samplingtechnique means thateach individual withina given targetpopulation, have anequal likelihood ofbeing selected totake part in a study.CorrelationThis is a statisticaltechnique thatexamines therelationshipbetween twovariablesGeneratecodesThis is the secondstage of Braun andClarkes 6 stepThematic Analysis,whereby theresearcher labels theirdata in a way thatcaptures somethingabout the meaning.ReductionistA criticism ofquantitativeapproaches, in thatthey try to reducecomplex phenomenato statistics andnumbersDouble-blindWhen neither theexperimenter northe participantsare aware of whichexperimentalgroup they areassigned toDemandcharacteristicsWhen participantstry to guess the truepurpose of anexperiment andbehave in a waythey believe theexperimenters wantInter-raterreliabilityWhen twoobservers/experimentersgive consistent ratingsfor the same participants.Mixed-MethodsThis is a researchapproach wherebyresearchers collectand analyse bothquantitative andqualitative data.ThematicAnalysisThis is a guidingframeworkresearchers may useto analyse qualitativedata, popularised byBraun and Clarke(2006).Acquiescencebiasthe tendency forsurvey respondentsto agree withresearch statements,without the actionbeing a true reflectionof their own positionor the question itselfRepeatedmeasuresWhere eachparticipant isassigned tomore than onecondition of theIVInterviewScheduleThis can beconsidered as aguide/script thatinterviewersask questionsfromMeta-analysisA technique whererather than conductingnew research withparticipants, theresearchers examinethe results of severalstudies that havealready beenconductedLabexperimentThis quantitative,experimentalmethod, has ahigh level ofcontrol over theIV and DVPlaceboA fake (ordummy)treatment givento patients in thecontrol group ofa clinical trial.FocusGroupsThis is a methodof data collectionwhereby peoplediscuss aparticular topic insmall groupsMatched-pairsThere are equalgroups whereparticipants arematched based oncertaincharacteristics e.g.gender, age…etcInformedconsentWhen participantsare given all thenecessaryinformation aboutan experimentbefore agreeing totake partParticipantvariablescharacteristics ofparticipants thatmayunintentionallyinfluence how theyrespond to the DVe.g. age, genderDatatriangulationThe researcheruses more thanone method toverify/checktheir findings.ObjectivityThis wordmeans thatresults impartial,and are notinfluenced bypersonal biasesObserverbiasWhereexperimenters/observersrate behaviour differentlydue to having a desiredoutcomeOvertobservationwhere a researchertells the participantsthat they are beingobserved and whatthey are beingobserved for.FatigueEffectsa decline inperformance on aprolonged ordemanding researchtask that is generallyattributed to theparticipant becomingtired or bored with thetask.

Psychology Research Methods - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. A group that is not subjected to the IV in a experiment
    Control group
  2. When the same participant will get the same result on a test on multiple occasions
    Test-retest reliability
  3. When a test or experiment accurately measures what it intends to measure
    Validity
  4. This is a type of interview format whereby the researcher has some guiding questions and prompts, but also allows the participant to expand on topics relevant to them
    Semi-structured
  5. The extent to which the findings of a research study are able to be generalized to real-life settings
    Ecological validity
  6. This type of research approach relies on interpreting meaning from non-numerical data
    Qualitative research
  7. This type of research approach relies on numbers and statistical testing
    Quantitative research
  8. This sampling technique means that researchers recruit participants based on how convenient and easy they are to access.
    Convenience sampling
  9. The grounds on which qualitative research may often be criticised, due to the findings being based on the researcher’s personal opinion
    Subjectivity
  10. An in depth investigation into only one person or situation
    Case study
  11. This sampling technique means that each individual within a given target population, have an equal likelihood of being selected to take part in a study.
    Random sampling
  12. This is a statistical technique that examines the relationship between two variables
    Correlation
  13. This is the second stage of Braun and Clarkes 6 step Thematic Analysis, whereby the researcher labels their data in a way that captures something about the meaning.
    Generate codes
  14. A criticism of quantitative approaches, in that they try to reduce complex phenomena to statistics and numbers
    Reductionist
  15. When neither the experimenter nor the participants are aware of which experimental group they are assigned to
    Double-blind
  16. When participants try to guess the true purpose of an experiment and behave in a way they believe the experimenters want
    Demand characteristics
  17. When two observers/experimenters give consistent ratings for the same participants.
    Inter-rater reliability
  18. This is a research approach whereby researchers collect and analyse both quantitative and qualitative data.
    Mixed-Methods
  19. This is a guiding framework researchers may use to analyse qualitative data, popularised by Braun and Clarke (2006).
    Thematic Analysis
  20. the tendency for survey respondents to agree with research statements, without the action being a true reflection of their own position or the question itself
    Acquiescence bias
  21. Where each participant is assigned to more than one condition of the IV
    Repeated measures
  22. This can be considered as a guide/script that interviewers ask questions from
    Interview Schedule
  23. A technique where rather than conducting new research with participants, the researchers examine the results of several studies that have already been conducted
    Meta-analysis
  24. This quantitative, experimental method, has a high level of control over the IV and DV
    Lab experiment
  25. A fake (or dummy) treatment given to patients in the control group of a clinical trial.
    Placebo
  26. This is a method of data collection whereby people discuss a particular topic in small groups
    Focus Groups
  27. There are equal groups where participants are matched based on certain characteristics e.g. gender, age…etc
    Matched-pairs
  28. When participants are given all the necessary information about an experiment before agreeing to take part
    Informed consent
  29. characteristics of participants that may unintentionally influence how they respond to the DV e.g. age, gender
    Participant variables
  30. The researcher uses more than one method to verify/check their findings.
    Data triangulation
  31. This word means that results impartial, and are not influenced by personal biases
    Objectivity
  32. Where experimenters/observers rate behaviour differently due to having a desired outcome
    Observer bias
  33. where a researcher tells the participants that they are being observed and what they are being observed for.
    Overt observation
  34. a decline in performance on a prolonged or demanding research task that is generally attributed to the participant becoming tired or bored with the task.
    Fatigue Effects