LabexperimentThis quantitative,experimentalmethod, has ahigh level ofcontrol over theIV and DVCasestudyAn in depthinvestigationinto only oneperson orsituationGeneratecodesThis is the secondstage of Braun andClarkes 6 stepThematic Analysis,whereby theresearcher labels theirdata in a way thatcaptures somethingabout the meaning.RepeatedmeasuresWhere eachparticipant isassigned tomore than onecondition of theIVQualitativeresearchThis type ofresearch approachrelies oninterpretingmeaning from non-numerical dataOvertobservationwhere a researchertells the participantsthat they are beingobserved and whatthey are beingobserved for.ConveniencesamplingThis samplingtechnique means thatresearchers recruitparticipants based onhow convenient andeasy they are toaccess.Semi-structuredThis is a type ofinterview formatwhereby theresearcher has someguiding questions andprompts, but alsoallows the participantto expand on topicsrelevant to themDatatriangulationThe researcheruses more thanone method toverify/checktheir findings.Acquiescencebiasthe tendency forsurvey respondentsto agree withresearch statements,without the actionbeing a true reflectionof their own positionor the question itselfInterviewScheduleThis can beconsidered as aguide/script thatinterviewersask questionsfromObjectivityThis wordmeans thatresults impartial,and are notinfluenced bypersonal biasesEcologicalvalidityThe extent towhich the findingsof a researchstudy are able tobe generalized toreal-life settingsThematicAnalysisThis is a guidingframeworkresearchers may useto analyse qualitativedata, popularised byBraun and Clarke(2006).Inter-raterreliabilityWhen twoobservers/experimentersgive consistent ratingsfor the same participants.ObserverbiasWhereexperimenters/observersrate behaviour differentlydue to having a desiredoutcomeQuantitativeresearchThis type ofresearchapproach relieson numbersand statisticaltestingControlgroupA group thatis notsubjected tothe IV in aexperimentDemandcharacteristicsWhen participantstry to guess the truepurpose of anexperiment andbehave in a waythey believe theexperimenters wantFocusGroupsThis is a methodof data collectionwhereby peoplediscuss aparticular topic insmall groupsDouble-blindWhen neither theexperimenter northe participantsare aware of whichexperimentalgroup they areassigned toCorrelationThis is a statisticaltechnique thatexamines therelationshipbetween twovariablesReductionistA criticism ofquantitativeapproaches, in thatthey try to reducecomplex phenomenato statistics andnumbersTest-retestreliabilityWhen the sameparticipant willget the sameresult on a teston multipleoccasionsMixed-MethodsThis is a researchapproach wherebyresearchers collectand analyse bothquantitative andqualitative data.RandomsamplingThis samplingtechnique means thateach individual withina given targetpopulation, have anequal likelihood ofbeing selected totake part in a study.FatigueEffectsa decline inperformance on aprolonged ordemanding researchtask that is generallyattributed to theparticipant becomingtired or bored with thetask.Matched-pairsThere are equalgroups whereparticipants arematched based oncertaincharacteristics e.g.gender, age…etcMeta-analysisA technique whererather than conductingnew research withparticipants, theresearchers examinethe results of severalstudies that havealready beenconductedSubjectivityThe grounds onwhich qualitativeresearch may oftenbe criticised, due tothe findings beingbased on theresearcher’s personalopinionParticipantvariablescharacteristics ofparticipants thatmayunintentionallyinfluence how theyrespond to the DVe.g. age, genderInformedconsentWhen participantsare given all thenecessaryinformation aboutan experimentbefore agreeing totake partValidityWhen a test orexperimentaccuratelymeasures whatit intends tomeasurePlaceboA fake (ordummy)treatment givento patients in thecontrol group ofa clinical trial.LabexperimentThis quantitative,experimentalmethod, has ahigh level ofcontrol over theIV and DVCasestudyAn in depthinvestigationinto only oneperson orsituationGeneratecodesThis is the secondstage of Braun andClarkes 6 stepThematic Analysis,whereby theresearcher labels theirdata in a way thatcaptures somethingabout the meaning.RepeatedmeasuresWhere eachparticipant isassigned tomore than onecondition of theIVQualitativeresearchThis type ofresearch approachrelies oninterpretingmeaning from non-numerical dataOvertobservationwhere a researchertells the participantsthat they are beingobserved and whatthey are beingobserved for.ConveniencesamplingThis samplingtechnique means thatresearchers recruitparticipants based onhow convenient andeasy they are toaccess.Semi-structuredThis is a type ofinterview formatwhereby theresearcher has someguiding questions andprompts, but alsoallows the participantto expand on topicsrelevant to themDatatriangulationThe researcheruses more thanone method toverify/checktheir findings.Acquiescencebiasthe tendency forsurvey respondentsto agree withresearch statements,without the actionbeing a true reflectionof their own positionor the question itselfInterviewScheduleThis can beconsidered as aguide/script thatinterviewersask questionsfromObjectivityThis wordmeans thatresults impartial,and are notinfluenced bypersonal biasesEcologicalvalidityThe extent towhich the findingsof a researchstudy are able tobe generalized toreal-life settingsThematicAnalysisThis is a guidingframeworkresearchers may useto analyse qualitativedata, popularised byBraun and Clarke(2006).Inter-raterreliabilityWhen twoobservers/experimentersgive consistent ratingsfor the same participants.ObserverbiasWhereexperimenters/observersrate behaviour differentlydue to having a desiredoutcomeQuantitativeresearchThis type ofresearchapproach relieson numbersand statisticaltestingControlgroupA group thatis notsubjected tothe IV in aexperimentDemandcharacteristicsWhen participantstry to guess the truepurpose of anexperiment andbehave in a waythey believe theexperimenters wantFocusGroupsThis is a methodof data collectionwhereby peoplediscuss aparticular topic insmall groupsDouble-blindWhen neither theexperimenter northe participantsare aware of whichexperimentalgroup they areassigned toCorrelationThis is a statisticaltechnique thatexamines therelationshipbetween twovariablesReductionistA criticism ofquantitativeapproaches, in thatthey try to reducecomplex phenomenato statistics andnumbersTest-retestreliabilityWhen the sameparticipant willget the sameresult on a teston multipleoccasionsMixed-MethodsThis is a researchapproach wherebyresearchers collectand analyse bothquantitative andqualitative data.RandomsamplingThis samplingtechnique means thateach individual withina given targetpopulation, have anequal likelihood ofbeing selected totake part in a study.FatigueEffectsa decline inperformance on aprolonged ordemanding researchtask that is generallyattributed to theparticipant becomingtired or bored with thetask.Matched-pairsThere are equalgroups whereparticipants arematched based oncertaincharacteristics e.g.gender, age…etcMeta-analysisA technique whererather than conductingnew research withparticipants, theresearchers examinethe results of severalstudies that havealready beenconductedSubjectivityThe grounds onwhich qualitativeresearch may oftenbe criticised, due tothe findings beingbased on theresearcher’s personalopinionParticipantvariablescharacteristics ofparticipants thatmayunintentionallyinfluence how theyrespond to the DVe.g. age, genderInformedconsentWhen participantsare given all thenecessaryinformation aboutan experimentbefore agreeing totake partValidityWhen a test orexperimentaccuratelymeasures whatit intends tomeasurePlaceboA fake (ordummy)treatment givento patients in thecontrol group ofa clinical trial.

Psychology Research Methods - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. This quantitative, experimental method, has a high level of control over the IV and DV
    Lab experiment
  2. An in depth investigation into only one person or situation
    Case study
  3. This is the second stage of Braun and Clarkes 6 step Thematic Analysis, whereby the researcher labels their data in a way that captures something about the meaning.
    Generate codes
  4. Where each participant is assigned to more than one condition of the IV
    Repeated measures
  5. This type of research approach relies on interpreting meaning from non-numerical data
    Qualitative research
  6. where a researcher tells the participants that they are being observed and what they are being observed for.
    Overt observation
  7. This sampling technique means that researchers recruit participants based on how convenient and easy they are to access.
    Convenience sampling
  8. This is a type of interview format whereby the researcher has some guiding questions and prompts, but also allows the participant to expand on topics relevant to them
    Semi-structured
  9. The researcher uses more than one method to verify/check their findings.
    Data triangulation
  10. the tendency for survey respondents to agree with research statements, without the action being a true reflection of their own position or the question itself
    Acquiescence bias
  11. This can be considered as a guide/script that interviewers ask questions from
    Interview Schedule
  12. This word means that results impartial, and are not influenced by personal biases
    Objectivity
  13. The extent to which the findings of a research study are able to be generalized to real-life settings
    Ecological validity
  14. This is a guiding framework researchers may use to analyse qualitative data, popularised by Braun and Clarke (2006).
    Thematic Analysis
  15. When two observers/experimenters give consistent ratings for the same participants.
    Inter-rater reliability
  16. Where experimenters/observers rate behaviour differently due to having a desired outcome
    Observer bias
  17. This type of research approach relies on numbers and statistical testing
    Quantitative research
  18. A group that is not subjected to the IV in a experiment
    Control group
  19. When participants try to guess the true purpose of an experiment and behave in a way they believe the experimenters want
    Demand characteristics
  20. This is a method of data collection whereby people discuss a particular topic in small groups
    Focus Groups
  21. When neither the experimenter nor the participants are aware of which experimental group they are assigned to
    Double-blind
  22. This is a statistical technique that examines the relationship between two variables
    Correlation
  23. A criticism of quantitative approaches, in that they try to reduce complex phenomena to statistics and numbers
    Reductionist
  24. When the same participant will get the same result on a test on multiple occasions
    Test-retest reliability
  25. This is a research approach whereby researchers collect and analyse both quantitative and qualitative data.
    Mixed-Methods
  26. This sampling technique means that each individual within a given target population, have an equal likelihood of being selected to take part in a study.
    Random sampling
  27. a decline in performance on a prolonged or demanding research task that is generally attributed to the participant becoming tired or bored with the task.
    Fatigue Effects
  28. There are equal groups where participants are matched based on certain characteristics e.g. gender, age…etc
    Matched-pairs
  29. A technique where rather than conducting new research with participants, the researchers examine the results of several studies that have already been conducted
    Meta-analysis
  30. The grounds on which qualitative research may often be criticised, due to the findings being based on the researcher’s personal opinion
    Subjectivity
  31. characteristics of participants that may unintentionally influence how they respond to the DV e.g. age, gender
    Participant variables
  32. When participants are given all the necessary information about an experiment before agreeing to take part
    Informed consent
  33. When a test or experiment accurately measures what it intends to measure
    Validity
  34. A fake (or dummy) treatment given to patients in the control group of a clinical trial.
    Placebo