One of a class of enzymesknown as topoisomerasesthat converts closed circularDNA to a negativelysupercoiled form prior toreplication, transcription, orrecombination. The enzymeacts during DNA replication toreduce molecular tensioncaused(n) The number ofhomologouschromosome pairscharacteristic of anorganism orspecies.Organisms havingtrue nuclei andmembranousorganelles andwhose cells divideby mitosis andmeiosis.centromerechromatinframeshiftmutationThe study of the effectsof reversible chemicalmodifications to DNAand/or histones on thepattern of geneexpression. Epigeneticmodifications do notalter the nucleotidesequence of DNA.interferencealleleA geneticallycontrolled program ofcell death, activatedas part of normaldevelopment or as aresult of cell damage.epigenomechromosomemodelorganismsdiploidThe complex of DNA,RNA, histones, andnonhistone proteinsthat make up uncoiledchromosomes,characteristic of theeukaryotic interphasenucleus.For a given trait, ameasure of theproportion of totalphenotypic variationin a population thatis due to geneticfactors.In bacteria, a DNA moleculecontaining the organism’sgenome; in eukaryotes, aDNA molecule complexedwith RNA and proteins to forma threadlike structurecontaining genetic informationarranged in a linearsequence; a structure that isvisible dA mutation thatchanges a codonspecifying an aminoacid into atermination codon,leading to prematuretermination duringtranslation of mRNA.DNAhelicaseOne of thepossiblealternative formsof a gene, oftendistinguished fromother alleles byphenotypic effects.haploidnumberThe specializedheterochromaticchromosomal region atwhich sister chromatidsremain attached afterreplication, and the site towhich spindle fibers attachto the chromosome duringcell division. The location ofthe centromere determinesthe shduplicationThe condition whencells containhomologous pairs ofeach chromosome,one derived from thepaternal parent andone from thematernal parent.nullhypothesis(I) A measure of the degreeto which one crossoveraffects the incidence ofanother crossover in anadjacent region of thesame chromatid. Negativeinterference increases thechance of anothercrossover; positiveinterference reduces theprobabiheritabilityA carrier is aperson who canpass an inherited(genetic) diseaseon to their childrenbut who does nothave the disease.A mutational eventleading to the insertion ordeletion (indels) of anumber of base pairs ina gene that is not amultiple of three. Thisshifts the codon readingframe in all codons thatfollow the mutational site.dihybridcrossSeemessengerRNA() Used in statistical tests,the hypothesis that there isno real difference betweenthe observed and expecteddatasets. Statisticalmethods such as chi-square analysis are used totest the probabilityassociated with thishypothesis.A form of cell divisionproducing two progenycells identical genetically tothe parental cell—that is,the production of two cellsfrom one, each having thesame chromosomecomplement as the parentcell.A chromosomalmutation, alsoreferred to as adeficiency,involving the lossof chromosomalmaterial.epigeneticsRandom variationin allele frequencyfrom generation togeneration, mostoften observed insmall populations.\eukaryotesgeneticdriftcodondeletionThe nonreciprocalinteraction betweennonallelic genes suchthat one geneinfluences or interfereswith the expression ofanother gene, leadingto a specificphenotype.epistasisDNAgyrasedirectionalselectiondisjunctionA statistical test todetermine whetheror not an observedset of data isequivalent to atheoreticalexpectation.chi-squareanalysisAn enzyme thatparticipates inDNA replication byunwinding thedouble helix nearthe replicationfork.broad-senseheritabilityapoptosis() The contributionof the genotypicvarianceresponsible for thephenotypic variationof a trait observedin a population.The separationof chromosomesduring theanaphase stageof cell division.A selective forcethat changes thefrequency of anallele in a givendirection, eithertoward fixation ortoward elimination.A chromosomalaberration inwhich asegment of thechromosome isrepeated.A genetic crossinvolving twocharacters in whichthe parents possessdifferent forms ofeach character (e.g.,yellow, wrinkledpeas).mRNAmitosisnonsensemutationelectrophoresisA triplet of messenger RNA(mRNA) nucleotides thatspecifies a particular aminoacid or a start or stopsignal in the genetic code.Sixty-one codons specifythe amino acids used inproteins, and three codons,called stop codons (UAG,UAA, UGA), sOne of a class of enzymesknown as topoisomerasesthat converts closed circularDNA to a negativelysupercoiled form prior toreplication, transcription, orrecombination. The enzymeacts during DNA replication toreduce molecular tensioncaused(n) The number ofhomologouschromosome pairscharacteristic of anorganism orspecies.Organisms havingtrue nuclei andmembranousorganelles andwhose cells divideby mitosis andmeiosis.centromerechromatinframeshiftmutationThe study of the effectsof reversible chemicalmodifications to DNAand/or histones on thepattern of geneexpression. Epigeneticmodifications do notalter the nucleotidesequence of DNA.interferencealleleA geneticallycontrolled program ofcell death, activatedas part of normaldevelopment or as aresult of cell damage.epigenomechromosomemodelorganismsdiploidThe complex of DNA,RNA, histones, andnonhistone proteinsthat make up uncoiledchromosomes,characteristic of theeukaryotic interphasenucleus.For a given trait, ameasure of theproportion of totalphenotypic variationin a population thatis due to geneticfactors.In bacteria, a DNA moleculecontaining the organism’sgenome; in eukaryotes, aDNA molecule complexedwith RNA and proteins to forma threadlike structurecontaining genetic informationarranged in a linearsequence; a structure that isvisible dA mutation thatchanges a codonspecifying an aminoacid into atermination codon,leading to prematuretermination duringtranslation of mRNA.DNAhelicaseOne of thepossiblealternative formsof a gene, oftendistinguished fromother alleles byphenotypic effects.haploidnumberThe specializedheterochromaticchromosomal region atwhich sister chromatidsremain attached afterreplication, and the site towhich spindle fibers attachto the chromosome duringcell division. The location ofthe centromere determinesthe shduplicationThe condition whencells containhomologous pairs ofeach chromosome,one derived from thepaternal parent andone from thematernal parent.nullhypothesis(I) A measure of the degreeto which one crossoveraffects the incidence ofanother crossover in anadjacent region of thesame chromatid. Negativeinterference increases thechance of anothercrossover; positiveinterference reduces theprobabiheritabilityA carrier is aperson who canpass an inherited(genetic) diseaseon to their childrenbut who does nothave the disease.A mutational eventleading to the insertion ordeletion (indels) of anumber of base pairs ina gene that is not amultiple of three. Thisshifts the codon readingframe in all codons thatfollow the mutational site.dihybridcrossSeemessengerRNA() Used in statistical tests,the hypothesis that there isno real difference betweenthe observed and expecteddatasets. Statisticalmethods such as chi-square analysis are used totest the probabilityassociated with thishypothesis.A form of cell divisionproducing two progenycells identical genetically tothe parental cell—that is,the production of two cellsfrom one, each having thesame chromosomecomplement as the parentcell.A chromosomalmutation, alsoreferred to as adeficiency,involving the lossof chromosomalmaterial.epigeneticsRandom variationin allele frequencyfrom generation togeneration, mostoften observed insmall populations.\eukaryotesgeneticdriftcodondeletionThe nonreciprocalinteraction betweennonallelic genes suchthat one geneinfluences or interfereswith the expression ofanother gene, leadingto a specificphenotype.epistasisDNAgyrasedirectionalselectiondisjunctionA statistical test todetermine whetheror not an observedset of data isequivalent to atheoreticalexpectation.chi-squareanalysisAn enzyme thatparticipates inDNA replication byunwinding thedouble helix nearthe replicationfork.broad-senseheritabilityapoptosis() The contributionof the genotypicvarianceresponsible for thephenotypic variationof a trait observedin a population.The separationof chromosomesduring theanaphase stageof cell division.A selective forcethat changes thefrequency of anallele in a givendirection, eithertoward fixation ortoward elimination.A chromosomalaberration inwhich asegment of thechromosome isrepeated.A genetic crossinvolving twocharacters in whichthe parents possessdifferent forms ofeach character (e.g.,yellow, wrinkledpeas).mRNAmitosisnonsensemutationelectrophoresisA triplet of messenger RNA(mRNA) nucleotides thatspecifies a particular aminoacid or a start or stopsignal in the genetic code.Sixty-one codons specifythe amino acids used inproteins, and three codons,called stop codons (UAG,UAA, UGA), s

GENETUC - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. One of a class of enzymes known as topoisomerases that converts closed circular DNA to a negatively supercoiled form prior to replication, transcription, or recombination. The enzyme acts during DNA replication to reduce molecular tension caused
  2. (n) The number of homologous chromosome pairs characteristic of an organism or species.
  3. Organisms having true nuclei and membranous organelles and whose cells divide by mitosis and meiosis.
  4. centromere
  5. chromatin
  6. frameshift mutation
  7. The study of the effects of reversible chemical modifications to DNA and/or histones on the pattern of gene expression. Epigenetic modifications do not alter the nucleotide sequence of DNA.
  8. interference
  9. allele
  10. A genetically controlled program of cell death, activated as part of normal development or as a result of cell damage.
  11. epigenome
  12. chromosome
  13. model organisms
  14. diploid
  15. The complex of DNA, RNA, histones, and nonhistone proteins that make up uncoiled chromosomes, characteristic of the eukaryotic interphase nucleus.
  16. For a given trait, a measure of the proportion of total phenotypic variation in a population that is due to genetic factors.
  17. In bacteria, a DNA molecule containing the organism’s genome; in eukaryotes, a DNA molecule complexed with RNA and proteins to form a threadlike structure containing genetic information arranged in a linear sequence; a structure that is visible d
  18. A mutation that changes a codon specifying an amino acid into a termination codon, leading to premature termination during translation of mRNA.
  19. DNA helicase
  20. One of the possible alternative forms of a gene, often distinguished from other alleles by phenotypic effects.
  21. haploid number
  22. The specialized heterochromatic chromosomal region at which sister chromatids remain attached after replication, and the site to which spindle fibers attach to the chromosome during cell division. The location of the centromere determines the sh
  23. duplication
  24. The condition when cells contain homologous pairs of each chromosome, one derived from the paternal parent and one from the maternal parent.
  25. null hypothesis
  26. (I) A measure of the degree to which one crossover affects the incidence of another crossover in an adjacent region of the same chromatid. Negative interference increases the chance of another crossover; positive interference reduces the probabi
  27. heritability
  28. A carrier is a person who can pass an inherited (genetic) disease on to their children but who does not have the disease.
  29. A mutational event leading to the insertion or deletion (indels) of a number of base pairs in a gene that is not a multiple of three. This shifts the codon reading frame in all codons that follow the mutational site.
  30. dihybrid cross
  31. See messenger RNA
  32. () Used in statistical tests, the hypothesis that there is no real difference between the observed and expected datasets. Statistical methods such as chi-square analysis are used to test the probability associated with this hypothesis.
  33. A form of cell division producing two progeny cells identical genetically to the parental cell—that is, the production of two cells from one, each having the same chromosome complement as the parent cell.
  34. A chromosomal mutation, also referred to as a deficiency, involving the loss of chromosomal material.
  35. epigenetics
  36. Random variation in allele frequency from generation to generation, most often observed in small populations.\
  37. eukaryotes
  38. genetic drift
  39. codon
  40. deletion
  41. The nonreciprocal interaction between nonallelic genes such that one gene influences or interferes with the expression of another gene, leading to a specific phenotype.
  42. epistasis
  43. DNA gyrase
  44. directional selection
  45. disjunction
  46. A statistical test to determine whether or not an observed set of data is equivalent to a theoretical expectation.
  47. chi-square analysis
  48. An enzyme that participates in DNA replication by unwinding the double helix near the replication fork.
  49. broad-sense heritability
  50. apoptosis
  51. () The contribution of the genotypic variance responsible for the phenotypic variation of a trait observed in a population.
  52. The separation of chromosomes during the anaphase stage of cell division.
  53. A selective force that changes the frequency of an allele in a given direction, either toward fixation or toward elimination.
  54. A chromosomal aberration in which a segment of the chromosome is repeated.
  55. A genetic cross involving two characters in which the parents possess different forms of each character (e.g., yellow, wrinkled peas).
  56. mRNA
  57. mitosis
  58. nonsense mutation
  59. electrophoresis
  60. A triplet of messenger RNA (mRNA) nucleotides that specifies a particular amino acid or a start or stop signal in the genetic code. Sixty-one codons specify the amino acids used in proteins, and three codons, called stop codons (UAG, UAA, UGA), s