Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal
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N-Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2)
A- Flex the first toe
N-Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes
M-Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh
N-Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2
M-The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex
M-The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot
A-Extends the second through fourth toes
A-Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes
N-Femoral L2,3,4
O-Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
A- Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe
M-The longest muscle in the body
I-Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
O-Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
O-Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane
O-Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
N-Obturator L2,3,4
I-Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone
O-Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia
N-Sciatic L4,5,S1,2
I-Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
M-The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group
M-Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle)
N-First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2
M-The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip
I-Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
A-Only plantar flexes the ankle
I-Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
A-Extend the first toe
O-Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal
