Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes
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N-Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1
A- Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe
I-Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
N-Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2
I-Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
I-Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
A-Extends the second through fourth toes
M-The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip
O-Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
O-Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
N-Femoral L2,3,4
A- Flex the first toe
I-Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
O-Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia
N-Obturator L2,3,4
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2)
M-The longest muscle in the body
I-Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes
M-The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex
O-Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal
M-Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle)
N-First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2
N-Sciatic L4,5,S1,2
O-Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
A-Only plantar flexes the ankle
M-The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group
M-Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh
M-The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot
O-Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane
A-Extend the first toe
A-Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes
