Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes
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O-Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
M-The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex
I-Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
N-Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2
I-Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
O-Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia
A- Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe
O-Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane
N-Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1
A-Only plantar flexes the ankle
O-Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
M-The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group
O-Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
M-Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle)
M-The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot
N-Obturator L2,3,4
N-Femoral L2,3,4
M-Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh
M-The longest muscle in the body
I-Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
A-Extends the second through fourth toes
M-The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip
I-Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
N-First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2
O-Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal
A- Flex the first toe
N-Sciatic L4,5,S1,2
A-Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes
A-Extend the first toe
I-Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2)
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes
