Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle Lumbricals of the foot First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Flex the first toe Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal Abductor Hallucis Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone Popliteus Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia Biceps Femoris Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2 Fibularis Brevis Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Plantar Interossei Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes Semitendinosus Sciatic L4,5,S1,2 Extensor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Quadratus Plantae Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Tibialis Anterior Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal Vastus Medialis Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh Tibialis Posterior The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex Flexor Hallucis Longus Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extends the second through fourth toes Extensor Digitorum Longus Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane Abductor Digiti Minimi Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Gracilis Obturator L2,3,4 Gastrocnemius Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle) Flexor Digitorum Brevis The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot Extensor Hallucis Brevis Extend the first toe Dorsal Interossei Abduct 2nd- 4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes Flexor Digitorum Longus Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia Rectus Femoris The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip Vastus Intermedius Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Sartorius The longest muscle in the body Fibularis Longus Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Vastus Lateralis Femoral L2,3,4 Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1 Plantaris Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2) Adductor Hallucis Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe Semimembranosus The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group Soleus Only plantar flexes the ankle
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N-First: Tibial L4,5, S1; Second through fourth: Tibial L(4), (5), S1,2
A- Flex the first toe
O-Originate on Base of fifth metatarsal
I-Insert at proximal phalanx of first toe and medial sesamoid bone
I-Inserts on proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
N-Long head: Sciatic L5, S1,2,3; Short head: Sciatic L5, S1,2
O-Originates at the distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
A-Adducts 3rd-5th toes and flexes 3rd-5th toes
N-Sciatic L4,5,S1,2
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
I-Inserts on posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon
I-Inserts at medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
M-Forms “teardrop” shape at distal portion of medial thigh
M-The only muscle in the flexors of the ankle and toes group that does not flex
I-Inserts on distal phalanx of first toe
A-Extends the second through fourth toes
O-Originates at the lateral condyle of tibia; proximal, anterior shaft of fibula, and interosseous membrane
O-Originates on lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
N-Obturator L2,3,4
M-Has two heads and cross two joints (the knee and ankle)
M-The center muscle of the dorsal surface of the foot
A-Extend the first toe
A-Abduct 2nd-4th toes and Flex 2nd-4th toes
O-Originates on the middle, posterior surface of tibia
M-The only quadricep muscle that also flexes hip
O-Originates at the anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
M-The longest muscle in the body
I-Inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
N-Femoral L2,3,4
N-Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1
N-Tibial L4, 5, S1, (2)
A- Adduct the first toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, and assist to flex the first toe
M-The wider, and deeper muscle of the hamstring group
A-Only plantar flexes the ankle
