Contrast:The poem frequentlycontrasts traditionalIndigenous practiceswith modern Westerntechnologies orideologies. Tradition vs.Modernity – Thecontrast betweentraditionalIndigenous ways oflife and modern,Western influences.Colonisation – Theimpact ofEuropeansettlement onIndigenousAustraliancultures. Environmentalchange – Thechanges to the landand environmentcaused bycolonisation andmoderndevelopment.FrustrationSadnessBitternessIronyDisappointmentCriticismAngerLossAlienationSarcasmHopelessnessLoss of identity –The theme oflosing one’scultural orpersonal identitydue to externalchanges.Make Inference– Drawingconclusionsfrom clues inthe text. Culturaldisplacement –The sense ofbeing removed ordistanced fromone’s originalculture.Condensing themain points orthemes of atext into ashorter form. Contrast:The poem frequentlycontrasts traditionalIndigenous practiceswith modern Westerntechnologies orideologies. Tradition vs.Modernity – Thecontrast betweentraditionalIndigenous ways oflife and modern,Western influences.Colonisation – Theimpact ofEuropeansettlement onIndigenousAustraliancultures. Environmentalchange – Thechanges to the landand environmentcaused bycolonisation andmoderndevelopment.FrustrationSadnessBitternessIronyDisappointmentCriticismAngerLossAlienationSarcasmHopelessnessLoss of identity –The theme oflosing one’scultural orpersonal identitydue to externalchanges.Make Inference– Drawingconclusionsfrom clues inthe text. Culturaldisplacement –The sense ofbeing removed ordistanced fromone’s originalculture.Condensing themain points orthemes of atext into ashorter form. 

THEMES & DEFINITIONS & FEELINGS - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Contrast: The poem frequently contrasts traditional Indigenous practices with modern Western technologies or ideologies.
  2. Tradition vs. Modernity – The contrast between traditional Indigenous ways of life and modern, Western influences.
  3. Colonisation – The impact of European settlement on Indigenous Australian cultures.
  4. Environmental change – The changes to the land and environment caused by colonisation and modern development.
  5. Frustration Sadness Bitterness Irony Disappointment Criticism Anger Loss Alienation Sarcasm Hopelessness
  6. Loss of identity – The theme of losing one’s cultural or personal identity due to external changes.
  7. Make Inference – Drawing conclusions from clues in the text.
  8. Cultural displacement – The sense of being removed or distanced from one’s original culture.
  9. Condensing the main points or themes of a text into a shorter form.