Purpose: To provideinsights into the subjectsbeing compared, helpingreaders make informedchoices or understandconcepts more deeply. Thisstructure is commonly usedin analytical essays andreviews.Advantage/Disadvantage(Pros/Cons)SequentialOrderDefinition: Astructure thathighlightssimilarities anddifferencesbetween two ormore subjects.Definition: Astructure thatorganizes subjectsinto categoriesbased on sharedcharacteristics.Definition: Astructure that usessensory details tocreate a vividpicture of asubject, event, orexperience.Purpose: To raiseawareness about anissue and encouragecritical thinking aboutpossible resolutions.This structure iseffective in persuasivewriting, reports, andproposals.Definition: Astructure thatoutlines steps ina process or theorder of actionsto achieve a goal.ClassificationPurpose: Authors choosethis structure to presenta fair and comprehensiveanalysis, allowingreaders to makeinformed choices basedon a thoroughunderstanding of thetopic.Definition: Astructure that tellsa story, oftenincludingcharacters, a plot,and a setting.ChronologicalOrderPurpose: To engagereaders emotionallywhile conveyinginformation throughstorytelling. Thisstructure is commonlyused in personalessays, memoirs, andcreative non-fictionPurpose: To guidereaders through aseries of steps, makinginstructions clear andeasy to follow. Thisstructure is commonlyfound in how-to guides,recipes, and manuals.Purpose: To presentfactual informationclearly and logically,helping readers gain abetter understanding of asubject. This structure iswidely used in textbooks,reports, and instructionalmaterials.Definition: Astructure thatpresents events inthe order theyoccur, from thebeginning to theend.DescriptivePurpose: To helpreaders understand thesequence of eventsand how they relate toone another over time.This structure is oftenused in narratives,biographies, andhistorical accounts.ProblemandSolutionCauseandEffectDefinition: A structurethat explains reasonswhy somethinghappened (cause)and the results of thatoccurrence (effect).Definition: Astructure that aimsto inform, explain,or clarify a topicwithout personalopinions orarguments.Purpose: To engagereaders' senses andemotions, making thewriting more relatableand immersive. Thisstructure is often usedin creative writing,travel writing, andproduct descriptions.ExpositoryPurpose: To showrelationships betweenevents or phenomena,helping readers understandhow one action leads toanother. This structure iseffective in scientificwriting, essays, anddiscussions of socialissues.Purpose: To help readersunderstand complextopics by breaking themdown into manageableparts. This structure isoften used in academicwriting, research papers,and informative articles.Definition: Apattern thatoutlines thebenefits anddrawbacks of aparticular topic ordecision.Definition: Astructure thatpresents a problem,discusses itssignificance, andproposes one ormore solutions.NarrativeCompareandContrastPurpose: To provideinsights into the subjectsbeing compared, helpingreaders make informedchoices or understandconcepts more deeply. Thisstructure is commonly usedin analytical essays andreviews.Advantage/Disadvantage(Pros/Cons)SequentialOrderDefinition: Astructure thathighlightssimilarities anddifferencesbetween two ormore subjects.Definition: Astructure thatorganizes subjectsinto categoriesbased on sharedcharacteristics.Definition: Astructure that usessensory details tocreate a vividpicture of asubject, event, orexperience.Purpose: To raiseawareness about anissue and encouragecritical thinking aboutpossible resolutions.This structure iseffective in persuasivewriting, reports, andproposals.Definition: Astructure thatoutlines steps ina process or theorder of actionsto achieve a goal.ClassificationPurpose: Authors choosethis structure to presenta fair and comprehensiveanalysis, allowingreaders to makeinformed choices basedon a thoroughunderstanding of thetopic.Definition: Astructure that tellsa story, oftenincludingcharacters, a plot,and a setting.ChronologicalOrderPurpose: To engagereaders emotionallywhile conveyinginformation throughstorytelling. Thisstructure is commonlyused in personalessays, memoirs, andcreative non-fictionPurpose: To guidereaders through aseries of steps, makinginstructions clear andeasy to follow. Thisstructure is commonlyfound in how-to guides,recipes, and manuals.Purpose: To presentfactual informationclearly and logically,helping readers gain abetter understanding of asubject. This structure iswidely used in textbooks,reports, and instructionalmaterials.Definition: Astructure thatpresents events inthe order theyoccur, from thebeginning to theend.DescriptivePurpose: To helpreaders understand thesequence of eventsand how they relate toone another over time.This structure is oftenused in narratives,biographies, andhistorical accounts.ProblemandSolutionCauseandEffectDefinition: A structurethat explains reasonswhy somethinghappened (cause)and the results of thatoccurrence (effect).Definition: Astructure that aimsto inform, explain,or clarify a topicwithout personalopinions orarguments.Purpose: To engagereaders' senses andemotions, making thewriting more relatableand immersive. Thisstructure is often usedin creative writing,travel writing, andproduct descriptions.ExpositoryPurpose: To showrelationships betweenevents or phenomena,helping readers understandhow one action leads toanother. This structure iseffective in scientificwriting, essays, anddiscussions of socialissues.Purpose: To help readersunderstand complextopics by breaking themdown into manageableparts. This structure isoften used in academicwriting, research papers,and informative articles.Definition: Apattern thatoutlines thebenefits anddrawbacks of aparticular topic ordecision.Definition: Astructure thatpresents a problem,discusses itssignificance, andproposes one ormore solutions.NarrativeCompareandContrast

Text Structure - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Purpose: To provide insights into the subjects being compared, helping readers make informed choices or understand concepts more deeply. This structure is commonly used in analytical essays and reviews.
  2. Advantage/Disadvantage (Pros/Cons)
  3. Sequential Order
  4. Definition: A structure that highlights similarities and differences between two or more subjects.
  5. Definition: A structure that organizes subjects into categories based on shared characteristics.
  6. Definition: A structure that uses sensory details to create a vivid picture of a subject, event, or experience.
  7. Purpose: To raise awareness about an issue and encourage critical thinking about possible resolutions. This structure is effective in persuasive writing, reports, and proposals.
  8. Definition: A structure that outlines steps in a process or the order of actions to achieve a goal.
  9. Classification
  10. Purpose: Authors choose this structure to present a fair and comprehensive analysis, allowing readers to make informed choices based on a thorough understanding of the topic.
  11. Definition: A structure that tells a story, often including characters, a plot, and a setting.
  12. Chronological Order
  13. Purpose: To engage readers emotionally while conveying information through storytelling. This structure is commonly used in personal essays, memoirs, and creative non-fiction
  14. Purpose: To guide readers through a series of steps, making instructions clear and easy to follow. This structure is commonly found in how-to guides, recipes, and manuals.
  15. Purpose: To present factual information clearly and logically, helping readers gain a better understanding of a subject. This structure is widely used in textbooks, reports, and instructional materials.
  16. Definition: A structure that presents events in the order they occur, from the beginning to the end.
  17. Descriptive
  18. Purpose: To help readers understand the sequence of events and how they relate to one another over time. This structure is often used in narratives, biographies, and historical accounts.
  19. Problem and Solution
  20. Cause and Effect
  21. Definition: A structure that explains reasons why something happened (cause) and the results of that occurrence (effect).
  22. Definition: A structure that aims to inform, explain, or clarify a topic without personal opinions or arguments.
  23. Purpose: To engage readers' senses and emotions, making the writing more relatable and immersive. This structure is often used in creative writing, travel writing, and product descriptions.
  24. Expository
  25. Purpose: To show relationships between events or phenomena, helping readers understand how one action leads to another. This structure is effective in scientific writing, essays, and discussions of social issues.
  26. Purpose: To help readers understand complex topics by breaking them down into manageable parts. This structure is often used in academic writing, research papers, and informative articles.
  27. Definition: A pattern that outlines the benefits and drawbacks of a particular topic or decision.
  28. Definition: A structure that presents a problem, discusses its significance, and proposes one or more solutions.
  29. Narrative
  30. Compare and Contrast