Definition: Apattern thatoutlines thebenefits anddrawbacks of aparticular topic ordecision.Purpose: To presentfactual informationclearly and logically,helping readers gain abetter understanding of asubject. This structure iswidely used in textbooks,reports, and instructionalmaterials.Advantage/Disadvantage(Pros/Cons)ExpositorySequentialOrderClassificationDefinition: Astructure thathighlightssimilarities anddifferencesbetween two ormore subjects.Definition: Astructure thatpresents events inthe order theyoccur, from thebeginning to theend.ChronologicalOrderDefinition: Astructure thatorganizes subjectsinto categoriesbased on sharedcharacteristics.Purpose: To showrelationships betweenevents or phenomena,helping readers understandhow one action leads toanother. This structure iseffective in scientificwriting, essays, anddiscussions of socialissues.Purpose: To engagereaders' senses andemotions, making thewriting more relatableand immersive. Thisstructure is often usedin creative writing,travel writing, andproduct descriptions.Definition: Astructure that usessensory details tocreate a vividpicture of asubject, event, orexperience.Definition: A structurethat explains reasonswhy somethinghappened (cause)and the results of thatoccurrence (effect).CompareandContrastNarrativeDefinition: Astructure thatpresents a problem,discusses itssignificance, andproposes one ormore solutions.CauseandEffectPurpose: To help readersunderstand complextopics by breaking themdown into manageableparts. This structure isoften used in academicwriting, research papers,and informative articles.DescriptivePurpose: To helpreaders understand thesequence of eventsand how they relate toone another over time.This structure is oftenused in narratives,biographies, andhistorical accounts.Definition: Astructure that tellsa story, oftenincludingcharacters, a plot,and a setting.Purpose: To engagereaders emotionallywhile conveyinginformation throughstorytelling. Thisstructure is commonlyused in personalessays, memoirs, andcreative non-fictionPurpose: To guidereaders through aseries of steps, makinginstructions clear andeasy to follow. Thisstructure is commonlyfound in how-to guides,recipes, and manuals.Purpose: To raiseawareness about anissue and encouragecritical thinking aboutpossible resolutions.This structure iseffective in persuasivewriting, reports, andproposals.ProblemandSolutionPurpose: To provideinsights into the subjectsbeing compared, helpingreaders make informedchoices or understandconcepts more deeply. Thisstructure is commonly usedin analytical essays andreviews.Definition: Astructure that aimsto inform, explain,or clarify a topicwithout personalopinions orarguments.Purpose: Authors choosethis structure to presenta fair and comprehensiveanalysis, allowingreaders to makeinformed choices basedon a thoroughunderstanding of thetopic.Definition: Astructure thatoutlines steps ina process or theorder of actionsto achieve a goal.Definition: Apattern thatoutlines thebenefits anddrawbacks of aparticular topic ordecision.Purpose: To presentfactual informationclearly and logically,helping readers gain abetter understanding of asubject. This structure iswidely used in textbooks,reports, and instructionalmaterials.Advantage/Disadvantage(Pros/Cons)ExpositorySequentialOrderClassificationDefinition: Astructure thathighlightssimilarities anddifferencesbetween two ormore subjects.Definition: Astructure thatpresents events inthe order theyoccur, from thebeginning to theend.ChronologicalOrderDefinition: Astructure thatorganizes subjectsinto categoriesbased on sharedcharacteristics.Purpose: To showrelationships betweenevents or phenomena,helping readers understandhow one action leads toanother. This structure iseffective in scientificwriting, essays, anddiscussions of socialissues.Purpose: To engagereaders' senses andemotions, making thewriting more relatableand immersive. Thisstructure is often usedin creative writing,travel writing, andproduct descriptions.Definition: Astructure that usessensory details tocreate a vividpicture of asubject, event, orexperience.Definition: A structurethat explains reasonswhy somethinghappened (cause)and the results of thatoccurrence (effect).CompareandContrastNarrativeDefinition: Astructure thatpresents a problem,discusses itssignificance, andproposes one ormore solutions.CauseandEffectPurpose: To help readersunderstand complextopics by breaking themdown into manageableparts. This structure isoften used in academicwriting, research papers,and informative articles.DescriptivePurpose: To helpreaders understand thesequence of eventsand how they relate toone another over time.This structure is oftenused in narratives,biographies, andhistorical accounts.Definition: Astructure that tellsa story, oftenincludingcharacters, a plot,and a setting.Purpose: To engagereaders emotionallywhile conveyinginformation throughstorytelling. Thisstructure is commonlyused in personalessays, memoirs, andcreative non-fictionPurpose: To guidereaders through aseries of steps, makinginstructions clear andeasy to follow. Thisstructure is commonlyfound in how-to guides,recipes, and manuals.Purpose: To raiseawareness about anissue and encouragecritical thinking aboutpossible resolutions.This structure iseffective in persuasivewriting, reports, andproposals.ProblemandSolutionPurpose: To provideinsights into the subjectsbeing compared, helpingreaders make informedchoices or understandconcepts more deeply. Thisstructure is commonly usedin analytical essays andreviews.Definition: Astructure that aimsto inform, explain,or clarify a topicwithout personalopinions orarguments.Purpose: Authors choosethis structure to presenta fair and comprehensiveanalysis, allowingreaders to makeinformed choices basedon a thoroughunderstanding of thetopic.Definition: Astructure thatoutlines steps ina process or theorder of actionsto achieve a goal.

Text Structure - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Definition: A pattern that outlines the benefits and drawbacks of a particular topic or decision.
  2. Purpose: To present factual information clearly and logically, helping readers gain a better understanding of a subject. This structure is widely used in textbooks, reports, and instructional materials.
  3. Advantage/Disadvantage (Pros/Cons)
  4. Expository
  5. Sequential Order
  6. Classification
  7. Definition: A structure that highlights similarities and differences between two or more subjects.
  8. Definition: A structure that presents events in the order they occur, from the beginning to the end.
  9. Chronological Order
  10. Definition: A structure that organizes subjects into categories based on shared characteristics.
  11. Purpose: To show relationships between events or phenomena, helping readers understand how one action leads to another. This structure is effective in scientific writing, essays, and discussions of social issues.
  12. Purpose: To engage readers' senses and emotions, making the writing more relatable and immersive. This structure is often used in creative writing, travel writing, and product descriptions.
  13. Definition: A structure that uses sensory details to create a vivid picture of a subject, event, or experience.
  14. Definition: A structure that explains reasons why something happened (cause) and the results of that occurrence (effect).
  15. Compare and Contrast
  16. Narrative
  17. Definition: A structure that presents a problem, discusses its significance, and proposes one or more solutions.
  18. Cause and Effect
  19. Purpose: To help readers understand complex topics by breaking them down into manageable parts. This structure is often used in academic writing, research papers, and informative articles.
  20. Descriptive
  21. Purpose: To help readers understand the sequence of events and how they relate to one another over time. This structure is often used in narratives, biographies, and historical accounts.
  22. Definition: A structure that tells a story, often including characters, a plot, and a setting.
  23. Purpose: To engage readers emotionally while conveying information through storytelling. This structure is commonly used in personal essays, memoirs, and creative non-fiction
  24. Purpose: To guide readers through a series of steps, making instructions clear and easy to follow. This structure is commonly found in how-to guides, recipes, and manuals.
  25. Purpose: To raise awareness about an issue and encourage critical thinking about possible resolutions. This structure is effective in persuasive writing, reports, and proposals.
  26. Problem and Solution
  27. Purpose: To provide insights into the subjects being compared, helping readers make informed choices or understand concepts more deeply. This structure is commonly used in analytical essays and reviews.
  28. Definition: A structure that aims to inform, explain, or clarify a topic without personal opinions or arguments.
  29. Purpose: Authors choose this structure to present a fair and comprehensive analysis, allowing readers to make informed choices based on a thorough understanding of the topic.
  30. Definition: A structure that outlines steps in a process or the order of actions to achieve a goal.