tibial L4,5,S1 Flexor digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Deep fibular nerve L4, L5, and S1 Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Soleus Works best with a bent knee Lateral condyle of tibia & fibula Medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal Superficial fibular L4,5,S1 Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Head & upper lateral fibula Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Plantar flexes the ankle Weak plantar flexion of the ankle and weak flexion of the knee Medial & lateral condyles of femur Distal phalanges 2–5 inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Lateral condyle & upper tibia 1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform Tibial L4,5,S1(2) Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts tibial nerve L5,S1, S2 Extensor Hallucis Longus Extends the big toe Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Calcaneus / calcaneal tendon Tibial nerve s1,2 Posterior tibia Extensor digitorum longus Has 4 tendons Lateral supracondylar line of femur Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Distal phalanx of first toe Tibialis anterior Helps maintain arch Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Calcaneus/Achilles tendon Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Deep fibular L4,5,S1 Calcaneus / calcaneal tendon Middle & distal phalanges 2-5 Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Fibularis longus Wraps under foot for arch support Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” tibial L4,5,S1 Flexor digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Deep fibular nerve L4, L5, and S1 Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Soleus Works best with a bent knee Lateral condyle of tibia & fibula Medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal Superficial fibular L4,5,S1 Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Head & upper lateral fibula Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Plantar flexes the ankle Weak plantar flexion of the ankle and weak flexion of the knee Medial & lateral condyles of femur Distal phalanges 2–5 inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Lateral condyle & upper tibia 1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform Tibial L4,5,S1(2) Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts tibial nerve L5,S1, S2 Extensor Hallucis Longus Extends the big toe Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Calcaneus / calcaneal tendon Tibial nerve s1,2 Posterior tibia Extensor digitorum longus Has 4 tendons Lateral supracondylar line of femur Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Distal phalanx of first toe Tibialis anterior Helps maintain arch Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Calcaneus/Achilles tendon Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Deep fibular L4,5,S1 Calcaneus / calcaneal tendon Middle & distal phalanges 2-5 Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Fibularis longus Wraps under foot for arch support Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg”
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N-tibial L4,5,S1
M-Curves medially behind tibia
A-Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot
N-Deep fibular nerve L4, L5, and S1
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
M-Works best with a bent knee
O-Lateral condyle of tibia & fibula
I-Medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal
N-Superficial fibular L4,5,S1
I-Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
I-All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4
O-Head & upper lateral fibula
A-Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee
A-Plantar flexes the ankle
A-Weak plantar flexion of the ankle and weak flexion of the knee
O-Medial & lateral condyles of femur
I-Distal phalanges 2–5
A-inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle
N-Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1
O-Lateral condyle & upper tibia
I-1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform
N-Tibial L4,5,S1(2)
M-Often used in tendon grafts
N-tibial nerve L5,S1, S2
M-Extends the big toe
O-Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane
O-Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
M-Shorter and deeper than longus
N-Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1
N-Tibial nerve L5,S1,(2)
I-Calcaneus / calcaneal tendon
N-Tibial nerve s1,2
O-Posterior tibia
M-Has 4 tendons
O-Lateral supracondylar line of femur
O-Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
M-Helps maintain arch
A-Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
I-Calcaneus/Achilles tendon
O-Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
A-Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot
N-Deep fibular L4,5,S1
I-Calcaneus / calcaneal tendon
I-Middle & distal phalanges 2-5
M-Primary inverter of the foot
M-Wraps under foot for arch support
A-Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot
M-Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg”
