Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Soleus Works best with a bent knee Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Soleus Works best with a bent knee Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
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A-Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
N-Deep fibular
nerve
L4,5,S1
M-Has 4 tendons to toes
I-Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon
A-Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot
M-Primary inverter of the foot
O-Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
O-Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,L5,S1
I-All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4
A-Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee
A-Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle
N-Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2
I-Distal phalanges of digits 2–5
M-Extends the big toe
N-Tibial
L4,5,S1
I-Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
I-Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5
A-Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot
M-Works best with a bent knee
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
N-Tibial nerve
L4,5,S1
A-Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
O-Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane
A-Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee
O-Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur
O-Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane
I-Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
N-Tibial nerve
S1,2
M-Helps maintain arch of the foot
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
M-Wraps under foot to support arch
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
O-lateral supracondylar line of femur
A-Plantar flexes the ankle
M-Shorter and deeper than longus
M-Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg”
M-Curves medially behind tibia
N-tibial nerve
L5,S1,(2)
O-Middle posterior surface of tibia
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,S1,5
M-Often used in tendon grafts
O-Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula
O-Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
