Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Soleus Works best with a bent knee Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Soleus Works best with a bent knee Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1
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N-Deep fibular
nerve
L4,5,S1
A-Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee
O-Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane
M-Often used in tendon grafts
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
A-Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
A-Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot
A-Plantar flexes the ankle
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
M-Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg”
A-Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle
M-Has 4 tendons to toes
I-Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
M-Works best with a bent knee
A-Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
I-Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
O-Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
N-Tibial nerve
S1,2
I-Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon
O-Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane
O-Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
O-Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur
N-Tibial nerve
L4,5,S1
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
O-Middle posterior surface of tibia
I-Distal phalanges of digits 2–5
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
N-Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2
A-Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot
M-Curves medially behind tibia
O-lateral supracondylar line of femur
N-tibial nerve
L5,S1,(2)
O-Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,S1,5
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
M-Helps maintain arch of the foot
M-Wraps under foot to support arch
O-Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula
I-Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5
A-Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee
M-Extends the big toe
I-All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4
M-Primary inverter of the foot
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,L5,S1
M-Shorter and deeper than longus
N-Tibial
L4,5,S1
