Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Soleus Works best with a bent knee Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Soleus Works best with a bent knee Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5
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I-Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5
M-Works best with a bent knee
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,S1,5
I-Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon
O-Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur
M-Curves medially behind tibia
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
M-Has 4 tendons to toes
I-All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4
A-Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee
O-Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane
M-Extends the big toe
M-Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg”
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
M-Wraps under foot to support arch
A-Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee
O-Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
O-Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
A-Plantar flexes the ankle
O-Middle posterior surface of tibia
O-Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
I-Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
N-Tibial nerve
L4,5,S1
A-Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot
A-Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane
M-Shorter and deeper than longus
M-Helps maintain arch of the foot
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,L5,S1
N-Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2
A-Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot
N-Tibial
L4,5,S1
O-Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane
N-tibial nerve
L5,S1,(2)
M-Often used in tendon grafts
N-Tibial nerve
S1,2
A-Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
N-Deep fibular
nerve
L4,5,S1
O-lateral supracondylar line of femur
O-Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
I-Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
A-Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle
M-Primary inverter of the foot
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
I-Distal phalanges of digits 2–5
