Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Soleus Works best with a bent knee Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2) Tibialis Posterior Primary inverter of the foot Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the big toe Extensor Hallucis longus Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Tibuialis Anterior Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot Plantaris Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee Extensor Hallucis longus Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot Fibularis Brevis Shorter and deeper than longus Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of digits 2–5 Tibialis Posterior Tibial nerve L4,5,S1 Plantaris Tibial L4,5,S1 Fibularis longus Superficial fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2 Tibuialis Anterior Helps maintain arch of the foot Tibuialis Anterior Deep fibular nerve L4,5,S1 Soleus Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula Fibularis Brevis Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal Tibialis Posterior All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4 Tibuialis Anterior Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane Fibularis longus Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula Fibularis Brevis Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula Plantaris Often used in tendon grafts Flexor Digitorum longus Curves medially behind tibia Extensor Digitorum longus Deep fibular nerve L4,L5,S1 Tibialis Posterior Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle Fibularis Brevis Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Fibularis Brevis Superficial fibular nerve L4,S1,5 Tibuialis Anterior Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal Extensor Hallucis longus Distal phalanx of first toe Flexor Digitorum longus Middle posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum longus Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot Gastrocnemius Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Extensor Digitorum longus Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve S1,2 Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform Fibularis longus Wraps under foot to support arch Extensor Hallucis longus Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane Soleus Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Gastrocnemius Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee Fibularis longus Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle Extensor Digitorum longus Has 4 tendons to toes Extensor Digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane Tibialis Posterior Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane Gastrocnemius Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg” Plantaris Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon Soleus Plantar flexes the ankle Plantaris lateral supracondylar line of femur Gastrocnemius Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur Soleus Works best with a bent knee Flexor Digitorum longus tibial nerve L5,S1,(2)
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M-Primary inverter of the foot
M-Extends the big toe
N-Deep fibular
nerve
L4,5,S1
A-Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
A-Weak plantar flexion of ankle and weak flexion of the knee
A-Extends the first toe, dorsiflexes the ankle, inverts the foot
M-Shorter and deeper than longus
I-Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2–5
I-Distal phalanges of digits 2–5
N-Tibial nerve
L4,5,S1
N-Tibial
L4,5,S1
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
N-Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2
M-Helps maintain arch of the foot
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,5,S1
O-Soleal line of tibia and posterior fibula
I-Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
I-All five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2–4
O-Lateral condyle and proximal lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane
O-Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
O-Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula
M-Often used in tendon grafts
M-Curves medially behind tibia
N-Deep fibular nerve
L4,L5,S1
A-Inverts the foot and plantar flexes the ankle
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
N-Superficial fibular nerve
L4,S1,5
I-Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
I-Distal phalanx of first toe
O-Middle posterior surface of tibia
A-Flexes digits 2–5, plantar flexes the ankle, inverts the foot
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
A-Extends digits 2–5 and dorsiflexes the ankle; everts the foot
N-Tibial nerve
S1,2
I-Base of first metatarsal and medial cuneiform
M-Wraps under foot to support arch
O-Middle anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane
I-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A-Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee
A-Everts the foot and assists in plantar flexion of the ankle
M-Has 4 tendons to toes
O-Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior fibula; interosseous membrane
O-Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
M-Named after Greek for “belly” + “leg”
I-Calcaneus/Calcaneal tendon
A-Plantar flexes the ankle
O-lateral supracondylar line of femur
O-Posterior surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur
M-Works best with a bent knee
N-tibial nerve
L5,S1,(2)
