RhetoricalTriangleThe relationshipbetween theauthor, theaudience, thetext/message,and the purpose.CompareandcontrastDiscussingsimilarities anddifferences betweentwo things to somepersuasive orillustrative purpose.RhetoricalQuestionExpects noanswer; offersan opportunityfor theaudience toreflectEpithetUsing anappropriateadjective toqualify asubject.ImageryAny descriptivelanguage usedto evoke a vividsense or imageof something.CapriciouserraticAlliterationA repetition ofthe samesound at thebeginning ofseveral wordsin a sequence.AphorismA terse statementof knownauthorship whichexpresses ageneral truth ormoral principle.EvidenceInformationpresented meantto persuade theaudience of theauthor's position.PrerogativeA specialright orprivilege.PolysyndetonAsuperabundanceof conjunctions.AllegoryA piece ofliterature that canbe read on twodistinct levels:symbolically andliterally.SynthesisCombiningsources orideas in acoherent way inthe purpose ofa larger point.DeductiveReasoningExample: If allplanets orbit astar, and ThetaII is a planet,then it mustorbit a star.ArgumentThe combinationof reasons,evidence, etc. thatan author uses toconvince anaudience of aposition.SynecdocheA part ofsomething isused to referto the wholePretentiousLofty orpompousAsyndetonAn omission ofconjunctionsbetweenrelatedclauses.HubrisExcessivepride orarrogance.HypophoraRaisingquestions andansweringthem. Example:What is honor?A word.ChiasmusRepetition ofgrammaticalstructures inreverse order insuccessivephrases orclauses.EmotionalAppealSpecificallytargeting thevalues of theaudience forpurposes ofbeing persuasive.Affectationeffort toattractnoticeEuphemismSubstitution of anagreeable or at leastnon-offensiveexpression for onewhose plainermeaning might beharsh or unpleasant.ConnotationThe impliedmeaning of aword -generally thefeeling the wordsuggests.ExigenceThe motivationbehind anauthor's choiceto write or speakon a particularsubject.AttitudeThe writer'spersonal viewsor feelingsabout thesubject at hand.CandorOpen anhonestcommunication.LitotesAnunderstatement.ErraticIrregular;withoutdirectionAnalogyExplainingsomethingcomplex bycomparing it tosomethingmore simple.HyperboleAnexaggerationfor effect.CannonThat which has beenaccepted asfundamental - suchas a book that has"always" beenstudied in HighSchool Englishclasses.MalapropismThe mistakensubstitution of oneword for anotherword that soundssimilar. Example:The doctor wrote asubscription.AssonanceRepetition ofthe samevowel soundin words closeto each other.FigurativeLanguageThe use oflanguage in anon-literal way.Example: Thesky's like a jewelbox tonight!"Antecedentthe objectof apronounImplicationWhensomething issuggestedwithout beingconcretelystated.PragmaticPracticalExemplificationProvidingexamplesin serviceof a point.Stridenthavingshrill,irritatingqualityCircumlocationTo writearound asubject; towriteevasivelyDiscernTodistinguishone thingfromanother.FerventPassionateConciliatoryWinningoverExtraneousIrrelevant;extra;unnecessaryInexorablyunrelentingGenreThe specifictype of workbeingpresented.AllusionA direct or indirectreference tosomething which ispresumablycommonly known,such as an event,book, myth, place, orwork of art.SatireA genre ofhumorous andmocking criticismto expose theignorance and/orills of society.DenotationThe literal,dictionarydefinitionof a word.AnaphoraRepetition ofthe same groupof words at thebeginning ofsuccessiveclauses.BanalCommon;dull;ordinaryAssuageTo makeeasier ormilder,relieveIdiomA commonlyused phrasethat signifiessomething verydifferent than itsliteral meaning.ExhaustiveThorough;completeElicitTo draw forth,bring out fromsome source(such asanother person)FallacyAn error ofreasoningbased on faultyuse of evidenceor incorrectinference.ConcessionTheargument(s)against theauthor'sposition.RhetoricThe use of spokenor written word (orvisual medium) toconvey ideas andconvince anaudience.LogicalAppealThe use of elementsof rational thinking(deductive orinductive reasoning,facts/statistics, etc.)to appeal to theaudience.DictionThe style oflanguage used;words chosenspecifically to beappropriate to theaudience andsituation.ApostropheA sudden turnfrom the generalaudience toaddress aspecific group orperson.EthicalAppealSetting up asource (eventhe writerthemselves) ascredible andtrustworthy.IronyWhen theopposite of theexpected iswhat happensor what is said.ContextThe extra-textualenvironment inwhich the textis beingdelivered.AudienceWho the authoris directinghis/hermessagetoward.OccasionThe reasonor momentfor writing orspeaking.AristotelianAppealsThree differentmethods ofappealing to anaudience toconvince them -ethical, logical,emotional.ambiguousHaving morethan onemeaning;vagueInductiveReasoningExample: All ofthe planets in thissolar system orbita star, so allplanets probablyorbit starts.ObscureUnclear;clouded;hard tounderstandSyntaxThe waysentences aregrammaticallystructured.JuxtapositionPlacing two verydifferent ideas,words, or phrasesnext to oneanother, creatingan effect ofsurprise and wit.RhetoricalTriangleThe relationshipbetween theauthor, theaudience, thetext/message,and the purpose.CompareandcontrastDiscussingsimilarities anddifferences betweentwo things to somepersuasive orillustrative purpose.RhetoricalQuestionExpects noanswer; offersan opportunityfor theaudience toreflectEpithetUsing anappropriateadjective toqualify asubject.ImageryAny descriptivelanguage usedto evoke a vividsense or imageof something.CapriciouserraticAlliterationA repetition ofthe samesound at thebeginning ofseveral wordsin a sequence.AphorismA terse statementof knownauthorship whichexpresses ageneral truth ormoral principle.EvidenceInformationpresented meantto persuade theaudience of theauthor's position.PrerogativeA specialright orprivilege.PolysyndetonAsuperabundanceof conjunctions.AllegoryA piece ofliterature that canbe read on twodistinct levels:symbolically andliterally.SynthesisCombiningsources orideas in acoherent way inthe purpose ofa larger point.DeductiveReasoningExample: If allplanets orbit astar, and ThetaII is a planet,then it mustorbit a star.ArgumentThe combinationof reasons,evidence, etc. thatan author uses toconvince anaudience of aposition.SynecdocheA part ofsomething isused to referto the wholePretentiousLofty orpompousAsyndetonAn omission ofconjunctionsbetweenrelatedclauses.HubrisExcessivepride orarrogance.HypophoraRaisingquestions andansweringthem. Example:What is honor?A word.ChiasmusRepetition ofgrammaticalstructures inreverse order insuccessivephrases orclauses.EmotionalAppealSpecificallytargeting thevalues of theaudience forpurposes ofbeing persuasive.Affectationeffort toattractnoticeEuphemismSubstitution of anagreeable or at leastnon-offensiveexpression for onewhose plainermeaning might beharsh or unpleasant.ConnotationThe impliedmeaning of aword -generally thefeeling the wordsuggests.ExigenceThe motivationbehind anauthor's choiceto write or speakon a particularsubject.AttitudeThe writer'spersonal viewsor feelingsabout thesubject at hand.CandorOpen anhonestcommunication.LitotesAnunderstatement.ErraticIrregular;withoutdirectionAnalogyExplainingsomethingcomplex bycomparing it tosomethingmore simple.HyperboleAnexaggerationfor effect.CannonThat which has beenaccepted asfundamental - suchas a book that has"always" beenstudied in HighSchool Englishclasses.MalapropismThe mistakensubstitution of oneword for anotherword that soundssimilar. Example:The doctor wrote asubscription.AssonanceRepetition ofthe samevowel soundin words closeto each other.FigurativeLanguageThe use oflanguage in anon-literal way.Example: Thesky's like a jewelbox tonight!"Antecedentthe objectof apronounImplicationWhensomething issuggestedwithout beingconcretelystated.PragmaticPracticalExemplificationProvidingexamplesin serviceof a point.Stridenthavingshrill,irritatingqualityCircumlocationTo writearound asubject; towriteevasivelyDiscernTodistinguishone thingfromanother.FerventPassionateConciliatoryWinningoverExtraneousIrrelevant;extra;unnecessaryInexorablyunrelentingGenreThe specifictype of workbeingpresented.AllusionA direct or indirectreference tosomething which ispresumablycommonly known,such as an event,book, myth, place, orwork of art.SatireA genre ofhumorous andmocking criticismto expose theignorance and/orills of society.DenotationThe literal,dictionarydefinitionof a word.AnaphoraRepetition ofthe same groupof words at thebeginning ofsuccessiveclauses.BanalCommon;dull;ordinaryAssuageTo makeeasier ormilder,relieveIdiomA commonlyused phrasethat signifiessomething verydifferent than itsliteral meaning.ExhaustiveThorough;completeElicitTo draw forth,bring out fromsome source(such asanother person)FallacyAn error ofreasoningbased on faultyuse of evidenceor incorrectinference.ConcessionTheargument(s)against theauthor'sposition.RhetoricThe use of spokenor written word (orvisual medium) toconvey ideas andconvince anaudience.LogicalAppealThe use of elementsof rational thinking(deductive orinductive reasoning,facts/statistics, etc.)to appeal to theaudience.DictionThe style oflanguage used;words chosenspecifically to beappropriate to theaudience andsituation.ApostropheA sudden turnfrom the generalaudience toaddress aspecific group orperson.EthicalAppealSetting up asource (eventhe writerthemselves) ascredible andtrustworthy.IronyWhen theopposite of theexpected iswhat happensor what is said.ContextThe extra-textualenvironment inwhich the textis beingdelivered.AudienceWho the authoris directinghis/hermessagetoward.OccasionThe reasonor momentfor writing orspeaking.AristotelianAppealsThree differentmethods ofappealing to anaudience toconvince them -ethical, logical,emotional.ambiguousHaving morethan onemeaning;vagueInductiveReasoningExample: All ofthe planets in thissolar system orbita star, so allplanets probablyorbit starts.ObscureUnclear;clouded;hard tounderstandSyntaxThe waysentences aregrammaticallystructured.JuxtapositionPlacing two verydifferent ideas,words, or phrasesnext to oneanother, creatingan effect ofsurprise and wit.

AP Lang Vocab Review Bingo - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. The relationship between the author, the audience, the text/message, and the purpose.
    Rhetorical Triangle
  2. Discussing similarities and differences between two things to some persuasive or illustrative purpose.
    Compare and contrast
  3. Expects no answer; offers an opportunity for the audience to reflect
    Rhetorical Question
  4. Using an appropriate adjective to qualify a subject.
    Epithet
  5. Any descriptive language used to evoke a vivid sense or image of something.
    Imagery
  6. erratic
    Capricious
  7. A repetition of the same sound at the beginning of several words in a sequence.
    Alliteration
  8. A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle.
    Aphorism
  9. Information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author's position.
    Evidence
  10. A special right or privilege.
    Prerogative
  11. A superabundance of conjunctions.
    Polysyndeton
  12. A piece of literature that can be read on two distinct levels: symbolically and literally.
    Allegory
  13. Combining sources or ideas in a coherent way in the purpose of a larger point.
    Synthesis
  14. Example: If all planets orbit a star, and Theta II is a planet, then it must orbit a star.
    Deductive Reasoning
  15. The combination of reasons, evidence, etc. that an author uses to convince an audience of a position.
    Argument
  16. A part of something is used to refer to the whole
    Synecdoche
  17. Lofty or pompous
    Pretentious
  18. An omission of conjunctions between related clauses.
    Asyndeton
  19. Excessive pride or arrogance.
    Hubris
  20. Raising questions and answering them. Example: What is honor? A word.
    Hypophora
  21. Repetition of grammatical structures in reverse order in successive phrases or clauses.
    Chiasmus
  22. Specifically targeting the values of the audience for purposes of being persuasive.
    Emotional Appeal
  23. effort to attract notice
    Affectation
  24. Substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh or unpleasant.
    Euphemism
  25. The implied meaning of a word - generally the feeling the word suggests.
    Connotation
  26. The motivation behind an author's choice to write or speak on a particular subject.
    Exigence
  27. The writer's personal views or feelings about the subject at hand.
    Attitude
  28. Open an honest communication.
    Candor
  29. An understatement.
    Litotes
  30. Irregular; without direction
    Erratic
  31. Explaining something complex by comparing it to something more simple.
    Analogy
  32. An exaggeration for effect.
    Hyperbole
  33. That which has been accepted as fundamental - such as a book that has "always" been studied in High School English classes.
    Cannon
  34. The mistaken substitution of one word for another word that sounds similar. Example: The doctor wrote a subscription.
    Malapropism
  35. Repetition of the same vowel sound in words close to each other.
    Assonance
  36. The use of language in a non-literal way. Example: The sky's like a jewel box tonight!"
    Figurative Language
  37. the object of a pronoun
    Antecedent
  38. When something is suggested without being concretely stated.
    Implication
  39. Practical
    Pragmatic
  40. Providing examples in service of a point.
    Exemplification
  41. having shrill, irritating quality
    Strident
  42. To write around a subject; to write evasively
    Circumlocation
  43. To distinguish one thing from another.
    Discern
  44. Passionate
    Fervent
  45. Winning over
    Conciliatory
  46. Irrelevant; extra; unnecessary
    Extraneous
  47. unrelenting
    Inexorably
  48. The specific type of work being presented.
    Genre
  49. A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.
    Allusion
  50. A genre of humorous and mocking criticism to expose the ignorance and/or ills of society.
    Satire
  51. The literal, dictionary definition of a word.
    Denotation
  52. Repetition of the same group of words at the beginning of successive clauses.
    Anaphora
  53. Common; dull; ordinary
    Banal
  54. To make easier or milder, relieve
    Assuage
  55. A commonly used phrase that signifies something very different than its literal meaning.
    Idiom
  56. Thorough; complete
    Exhaustive
  57. To draw forth, bring out from some source (such as another person)
    Elicit
  58. An error of reasoning based on faulty use of evidence or incorrect inference.
    Fallacy
  59. The argument(s) against the author's position.
    Concession
  60. The use of spoken or written word (or visual medium) to convey ideas and convince an audience.
    Rhetoric
  61. The use of elements of rational thinking (deductive or inductive reasoning, facts/statistics, etc.) to appeal to the audience.
    Logical Appeal
  62. The style of language used; words chosen specifically to be appropriate to the audience and situation.
    Diction
  63. A sudden turn from the general audience to address a specific group or person.
    Apostrophe
  64. Setting up a source (even the writer themselves) as credible and trustworthy.
    Ethical Appeal
  65. When the opposite of the expected is what happens or what is said.
    Irony
  66. The extra-textual environment in which the text is being delivered.
    Context
  67. Who the author is directing his/her message toward.
    Audience
  68. The reason or moment for writing or speaking.
    Occasion
  69. Three different methods of appealing to an audience to convince them - ethical, logical, emotional.
    Aristotelian Appeals
  70. Having more than one meaning; vague
    ambiguous
  71. Example: All of the planets in this solar system orbit a star, so all planets probably orbit starts.
    Inductive Reasoning
  72. Unclear; clouded; hard to understand
    Obscure
  73. The way sentences are grammatically structured.
    Syntax
  74. Placing two very different ideas, words, or phrases next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit.
    Juxtaposition