Logic Gate Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false). AC Motor Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads. Series- Parallel Circuit A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit. Binary Numbers Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1 LED (Light Emitting Diode) A diode that lights up when current passes through. Kirchhoff’s Current Law Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving. Law of Conservation of Charge Total charge stays constant in an isolated system. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops. Induction Motor AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor. Oscilloscope A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time Block Diagram A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness. Torque The twisting force that causes rotation. Transistor Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals. Series Circuit Components connected end- to-end with the same current through each. Parallel Circuit Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage. Hexadecimal Numbers Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F. Rectifier Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current). Diode Lets current flow in only one direction. DC Motor Motor running on direct current with steady rotation. Integrated Circuit (IC) A tiny chip with multiple components built in. Pinout A map showing what each pin on a chip does. Power Formula Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power. Schematic Diagram A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols. Oscillator Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse. Logic Gate Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false). AC Motor Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads. Series- Parallel Circuit A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit. Binary Numbers Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1 LED (Light Emitting Diode) A diode that lights up when current passes through. Kirchhoff’s Current Law Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving. Law of Conservation of Charge Total charge stays constant in an isolated system. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops. Induction Motor AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor. Oscilloscope A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time Block Diagram A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness. Torque The twisting force that causes rotation. Transistor Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals. Series Circuit Components connected end- to-end with the same current through each. Parallel Circuit Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage. Hexadecimal Numbers Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F. Rectifier Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current). Diode Lets current flow in only one direction. DC Motor Motor running on direct current with steady rotation. Integrated Circuit (IC) A tiny chip with multiple components built in. Pinout A map showing what each pin on a chip does. Power Formula Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power. Schematic Diagram A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols. Oscillator Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse.
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Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false).
Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads.
A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit.
Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1
A diode that lights up when current passes through.
Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving.
Total charge stays constant in an isolated system.
Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops.
AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor.
A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time
A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together.
Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness.
The twisting force that causes rotation.
Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals.
Components connected end-to-end with the same current through each.
Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage.
Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F.
Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current).
Lets current flow in only one direction.
Motor running on direct current with steady rotation.
A tiny chip with multiple components built in.
A map showing what each pin on a chip does.
Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power.
A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols.
Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse.
