Parallel Circuit Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage. Integrated Circuit (IC) A tiny chip with multiple components built in. Diode Lets current flow in only one direction. Oscillator Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse. Logic Gate Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false). Block Diagram A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together. DC Motor Motor running on direct current with steady rotation. Law of Conservation of Charge Total charge stays constant in an isolated system. Power Formula Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power. Pinout A map showing what each pin on a chip does. Torque The twisting force that causes rotation. Oscilloscope A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time Binary Numbers Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness. Rectifier Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current). Transistor Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals. Induction Motor AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor. Series- Parallel Circuit A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit. LED (Light Emitting Diode) A diode that lights up when current passes through. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops. Hexadecimal Numbers Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F. AC Motor Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads. Series Circuit Components connected end- to-end with the same current through each. Schematic Diagram A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols. Kirchhoff’s Current Law Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving. Parallel Circuit Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage. Integrated Circuit (IC) A tiny chip with multiple components built in. Diode Lets current flow in only one direction. Oscillator Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse. Logic Gate Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false). Block Diagram A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together. DC Motor Motor running on direct current with steady rotation. Law of Conservation of Charge Total charge stays constant in an isolated system. Power Formula Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power. Pinout A map showing what each pin on a chip does. Torque The twisting force that causes rotation. Oscilloscope A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time Binary Numbers Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness. Rectifier Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current). Transistor Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals. Induction Motor AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor. Series- Parallel Circuit A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit. LED (Light Emitting Diode) A diode that lights up when current passes through. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops. Hexadecimal Numbers Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F. AC Motor Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads. Series Circuit Components connected end- to-end with the same current through each. Schematic Diagram A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols. Kirchhoff’s Current Law Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving.
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Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage.
A tiny chip with multiple components built in.
Lets current flow in only one direction.
Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse.
Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false).
A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together.
Motor running on direct current with steady rotation.
Total charge stays constant in an isolated system.
Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power.
A map showing what each pin on a chip does.
The twisting force that causes rotation.
A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time
Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1
Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness.
Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current).
Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals.
AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor.
A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit.
A diode that lights up when current passes through.
Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops.
Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F.
Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads.
Components connected end-to-end with the same current through each.
A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols.
Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving.
