Logic Gate Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false). Binary Numbers Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1 Block Diagram A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together. Schematic Diagram A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols. DC Motor Motor running on direct current with steady rotation. Hexadecimal Numbers Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F. Kirchhoff’s Current Law Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving. Transistor Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals. Power Formula Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness. Oscilloscope A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time Rectifier Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current). Series- Parallel Circuit A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit. Series Circuit Components connected end- to-end with the same current through each. Integrated Circuit (IC) A tiny chip with multiple components built in. LED (Light Emitting Diode) A diode that lights up when current passes through. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops. AC Motor Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads. Law of Conservation of Charge Total charge stays constant in an isolated system. Diode Lets current flow in only one direction. Induction Motor AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor. Parallel Circuit Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage. Pinout A map showing what each pin on a chip does. Torque The twisting force that causes rotation. Oscillator Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse. Logic Gate Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false). Binary Numbers Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1 Block Diagram A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together. Schematic Diagram A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols. DC Motor Motor running on direct current with steady rotation. Hexadecimal Numbers Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F. Kirchhoff’s Current Law Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving. Transistor Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals. Power Formula Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness. Oscilloscope A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time Rectifier Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current). Series- Parallel Circuit A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit. Series Circuit Components connected end- to-end with the same current through each. Integrated Circuit (IC) A tiny chip with multiple components built in. LED (Light Emitting Diode) A diode that lights up when current passes through. Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops. AC Motor Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads. Law of Conservation of Charge Total charge stays constant in an isolated system. Diode Lets current flow in only one direction. Induction Motor AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor. Parallel Circuit Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage. Pinout A map showing what each pin on a chip does. Torque The twisting force that causes rotation. Oscillator Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse.
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Electronic “decision maker” performing Boolean logic (true/false).
Base-2 numbers using only 0 and 1
A simplified flowchart showing system parts and how they work together.
A map of how circuit parts connect using symbols.
Motor running on direct current with steady rotation.
Base-16 numbers using 0–9 and A–F.
Total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving.
Acts as a switch or amplifier for electrical signals.
Power = (Torque × RPM)/5252, relating speed, torque, and power.
Rapid on/off switching to control power or brightness.
A screen tool that graphs voltage changes over time
Converts AC (alternating current) into DC (direct current).
A combo of series and parallel sections in one circuit.
Components connected end-to-end with the same current through each.
A tiny chip with multiple components built in.
A diode that lights up when current passes through.
Total voltage around a loop equals the sum of voltage drops.
Motor running on alternating current, often more efficient for large loads.
Total charge stays constant in an isolated system.
Lets current flow in only one direction.
AC motor using magnetic fields to spin its rotor.
Components connected on multiple paths sharing the same voltage.
A map showing what each pin on a chip does.
The twisting force that causes rotation.
Circuit generating a steady signal or clock pulse.
