Red HerringWhen aspeaker skipsto a new andirrelevant topic CircularReasoningRepeating theclaim as a wayto provideevidence EmotionalWordsUse of wordslikely to engagestrong emotionsin the audience EquivocationIntentionallymisleading theaudience by usinga word with adouble meaning ContrastTo compareas to pointout strikingdifferences Straw ManA purposeful choiceto oversimplify theother side’sargument to make iteasier torefute/ridicule FlatteryExcessivelypraising theaudience NostalgiaDesire to returnin thought orfact to a formertime ParallelismRepetition ofsentence structureor phrases tocreate aharmonious effect Name-CallingUsing harshnames to attackthose whooppose thespeakerAppeal to LogosAppealing to theaudience’sreason; usingstatistics or data HyperboleAnextravagantexaggerationof fact HastyGeneralizationMaking aconclusionwithout enoughevidence Faulty AnalogyAn focus onirrelevantsimilaritiesbetween twothings Ad HominemSwitching theargument tofocus on thecharacter of theother speaker Either/Or FallacyPresenting twoextreme optionsas the onlypossible choices MetaphorFigurativelanguagecomparing twounlike things Sarcasm Appeal toEthosEstablishingcredibility ofthe speakerLogicalReasoningShowing whatcan be expectedbecause of whathas gone before Appeal toPatriotismRhetoricalQuestionTo ask aquestion ofan audience PersonalAnecdoteA short,personalstory Appealto Fear Red HerringWhen aspeaker skipsto a new andirrelevant topic CircularReasoningRepeating theclaim as a wayto provideevidence EmotionalWordsUse of wordslikely to engagestrong emotionsin the audience EquivocationIntentionallymisleading theaudience by usinga word with adouble meaning ContrastTo compareas to pointout strikingdifferences Straw ManA purposeful choiceto oversimplify theother side’sargument to make iteasier torefute/ridicule FlatteryExcessivelypraising theaudience NostalgiaDesire to returnin thought orfact to a formertime ParallelismRepetition ofsentence structureor phrases tocreate aharmonious effect Name-CallingUsing harshnames to attackthose whooppose thespeakerAppeal to LogosAppealing to theaudience’sreason; usingstatistics or data HyperboleAnextravagantexaggerationof fact HastyGeneralizationMaking aconclusionwithout enoughevidence Faulty AnalogyAn focus onirrelevantsimilaritiesbetween twothings Ad HominemSwitching theargument tofocus on thecharacter of theother speaker Either/Or FallacyPresenting twoextreme optionsas the onlypossible choices MetaphorFigurativelanguagecomparing twounlike things Sarcasm Appeal toEthosEstablishingcredibility ofthe speakerLogicalReasoningShowing whatcan be expectedbecause of whathas gone before Appeal toPatriotismRhetoricalQuestionTo ask aquestion ofan audience PersonalAnecdoteA short,personalstory Appealto Fear 

Rhetorical Choices and Logical Fallacies - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Red Herring When a speaker skips to a new and irrelevant topic
  2. Circular Reasoning Repeating the claim as a way to provide evidence
  3. Emotional Words Use of words likely to engage strong emotions in the audience
  4. Equivocation Intentionally misleading the audience by using a word with a double meaning
  5. Contrast To compare as to point out striking differences
  6. Straw Man A purposeful choice to oversimplify the other side’s argument to make it easier to refute/ridicule
  7. Flattery Excessively praising the audience
  8. Nostalgia Desire to return in thought or fact to a former time
  9. Parallelism Repetition of sentence structure or phrases to create a harmonious effect
  10. Name-Calling Using harsh names to attack those who oppose the speaker
  11. Appeal to Logos Appealing to the audience’s reason; using statistics or data
  12. Hyperbole An extravagant exaggeration of fact
  13. Hasty Generalization Making a conclusion without enough evidence
  14. Faulty Analogy An focus on irrelevant similarities between two things
  15. Ad Hominem Switching the argument to focus on the character of the other speaker
  16. Either/Or Fallacy Presenting two extreme options as the only possible choices
  17. Metaphor Figurative language comparing two unlike things
  18. Sarcasm
  19. Appeal to Ethos Establishing credibility of the speaker
  20. Logical Reasoning Showing what can be expected because of what has gone before
  21. Appeal to Patriotism
  22. Rhetorical Question To ask a question of an audience
  23. Personal Anecdote A short, personal story
  24. Appeal to Fear