HastyGeneralizationMaking aconclusionwithout enoughevidence CircularReasoningRepeating theclaim as a wayto provideevidence ParallelismRepetition ofsentence structureor phrases tocreate aharmonious effect EmotionalWordsUse of wordslikely to engagestrong emotionsin the audience HyperboleAnextravagantexaggerationof fact Straw ManA purposeful choiceto oversimplify theother side’sargument to make iteasier torefute/ridicule Faulty AnalogyAn focus onirrelevantsimilaritiesbetween twothings Name-CallingUsing harshnames to attackthose whooppose thespeakerFlatteryExcessivelypraising theaudience RhetoricalQuestionTo ask aquestion ofan audience Appeal toPatriotismAppeal to LogosAppealing to theaudience’sreason; usingstatistics or data Either/Or FallacyPresenting twoextreme optionsas the onlypossible choices EquivocationIntentionallymisleading theaudience by usinga word with adouble meaning NostalgiaDesire to returnin thought orfact to a formertime MetaphorFigurativelanguagecomparing twounlike things Ad HominemSwitching theargument tofocus on thecharacter of theother speaker LogicalReasoningShowing whatcan be expectedbecause of whathas gone before Red HerringWhen aspeaker skipsto a new andirrelevant topic ContrastTo compareas to pointout strikingdifferences Appealto Fear PersonalAnecdoteA short,personalstory Sarcasm Appeal toEthosEstablishingcredibility ofthe speakerHastyGeneralizationMaking aconclusionwithout enoughevidence CircularReasoningRepeating theclaim as a wayto provideevidence ParallelismRepetition ofsentence structureor phrases tocreate aharmonious effect EmotionalWordsUse of wordslikely to engagestrong emotionsin the audience HyperboleAnextravagantexaggerationof fact Straw ManA purposeful choiceto oversimplify theother side’sargument to make iteasier torefute/ridicule Faulty AnalogyAn focus onirrelevantsimilaritiesbetween twothings Name-CallingUsing harshnames to attackthose whooppose thespeakerFlatteryExcessivelypraising theaudience RhetoricalQuestionTo ask aquestion ofan audience Appeal toPatriotismAppeal to LogosAppealing to theaudience’sreason; usingstatistics or data Either/Or FallacyPresenting twoextreme optionsas the onlypossible choices EquivocationIntentionallymisleading theaudience by usinga word with adouble meaning NostalgiaDesire to returnin thought orfact to a formertime MetaphorFigurativelanguagecomparing twounlike things Ad HominemSwitching theargument tofocus on thecharacter of theother speaker LogicalReasoningShowing whatcan be expectedbecause of whathas gone before Red HerringWhen aspeaker skipsto a new andirrelevant topic ContrastTo compareas to pointout strikingdifferences Appealto Fear PersonalAnecdoteA short,personalstory Sarcasm Appeal toEthosEstablishingcredibility ofthe speaker

Rhetorical Choices and Logical Fallacies - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Hasty Generalization Making a conclusion without enough evidence
  2. Circular Reasoning Repeating the claim as a way to provide evidence
  3. Parallelism Repetition of sentence structure or phrases to create a harmonious effect
  4. Emotional Words Use of words likely to engage strong emotions in the audience
  5. Hyperbole An extravagant exaggeration of fact
  6. Straw Man A purposeful choice to oversimplify the other side’s argument to make it easier to refute/ridicule
  7. Faulty Analogy An focus on irrelevant similarities between two things
  8. Name-Calling Using harsh names to attack those who oppose the speaker
  9. Flattery Excessively praising the audience
  10. Rhetorical Question To ask a question of an audience
  11. Appeal to Patriotism
  12. Appeal to Logos Appealing to the audience’s reason; using statistics or data
  13. Either/Or Fallacy Presenting two extreme options as the only possible choices
  14. Equivocation Intentionally misleading the audience by using a word with a double meaning
  15. Nostalgia Desire to return in thought or fact to a former time
  16. Metaphor Figurative language comparing two unlike things
  17. Ad Hominem Switching the argument to focus on the character of the other speaker
  18. Logical Reasoning Showing what can be expected because of what has gone before
  19. Red Herring When a speaker skips to a new and irrelevant topic
  20. Contrast To compare as to point out striking differences
  21. Appeal to Fear
  22. Personal Anecdote A short, personal story
  23. Sarcasm
  24. Appeal to Ethos Establishing credibility of the speaker