Appeal to LogosAppealing to theaudience’sreason; usingstatistics or data FlatteryExcessivelypraising theaudience Red HerringWhen aspeaker skipsto a new andirrelevant topic ParallelismRepetition ofsentence structureor phrases tocreate aharmonious effect Either/Or FallacyPresenting twoextreme optionsas the onlypossible choices Faulty AnalogyAn focus onirrelevantsimilaritiesbetween twothings Appealto Fear RhetoricalQuestionTo ask aquestion ofan audience MetaphorFigurativelanguagecomparing twounlike things Ad HominemSwitching theargument tofocus on thecharacter of theother speaker HastyGeneralizationMaking aconclusionwithout enoughevidence PersonalAnecdoteA short,personalstory ContrastTo compareas to pointout strikingdifferences Sarcasm HyperboleAnextravagantexaggerationof fact NostalgiaDesire to returnin thought orfact to a formertime EmotionalWordsUse of wordslikely to engagestrong emotionsin the audience Appeal toEthosEstablishingcredibility ofthe speakerAppeal toPatriotismCircularReasoningRepeating theclaim as a wayto provideevidence EquivocationIntentionallymisleading theaudience by usinga word with adouble meaning LogicalReasoningShowing whatcan be expectedbecause of whathas gone before Name-CallingUsing harshnames to attackthose whooppose thespeakerStraw ManA purposeful choiceto oversimplify theother side’sargument to make iteasier torefute/ridicule Appeal to LogosAppealing to theaudience’sreason; usingstatistics or data FlatteryExcessivelypraising theaudience Red HerringWhen aspeaker skipsto a new andirrelevant topic ParallelismRepetition ofsentence structureor phrases tocreate aharmonious effect Either/Or FallacyPresenting twoextreme optionsas the onlypossible choices Faulty AnalogyAn focus onirrelevantsimilaritiesbetween twothings Appealto Fear RhetoricalQuestionTo ask aquestion ofan audience MetaphorFigurativelanguagecomparing twounlike things Ad HominemSwitching theargument tofocus on thecharacter of theother speaker HastyGeneralizationMaking aconclusionwithout enoughevidence PersonalAnecdoteA short,personalstory ContrastTo compareas to pointout strikingdifferences Sarcasm HyperboleAnextravagantexaggerationof fact NostalgiaDesire to returnin thought orfact to a formertime EmotionalWordsUse of wordslikely to engagestrong emotionsin the audience Appeal toEthosEstablishingcredibility ofthe speakerAppeal toPatriotismCircularReasoningRepeating theclaim as a wayto provideevidence EquivocationIntentionallymisleading theaudience by usinga word with adouble meaning LogicalReasoningShowing whatcan be expectedbecause of whathas gone before Name-CallingUsing harshnames to attackthose whooppose thespeakerStraw ManA purposeful choiceto oversimplify theother side’sargument to make iteasier torefute/ridicule 

Rhetorical Choices and Logical Fallacies - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. Appeal to Logos Appealing to the audience’s reason; using statistics or data
  2. Flattery Excessively praising the audience
  3. Red Herring When a speaker skips to a new and irrelevant topic
  4. Parallelism Repetition of sentence structure or phrases to create a harmonious effect
  5. Either/Or Fallacy Presenting two extreme options as the only possible choices
  6. Faulty Analogy An focus on irrelevant similarities between two things
  7. Appeal to Fear
  8. Rhetorical Question To ask a question of an audience
  9. Metaphor Figurative language comparing two unlike things
  10. Ad Hominem Switching the argument to focus on the character of the other speaker
  11. Hasty Generalization Making a conclusion without enough evidence
  12. Personal Anecdote A short, personal story
  13. Contrast To compare as to point out striking differences
  14. Sarcasm
  15. Hyperbole An extravagant exaggeration of fact
  16. Nostalgia Desire to return in thought or fact to a former time
  17. Emotional Words Use of words likely to engage strong emotions in the audience
  18. Appeal to Ethos Establishing credibility of the speaker
  19. Appeal to Patriotism
  20. Circular Reasoning Repeating the claim as a way to provide evidence
  21. Equivocation Intentionally misleading the audience by using a word with a double meaning
  22. Logical Reasoning Showing what can be expected because of what has gone before
  23. Name-Calling Using harsh names to attack those who oppose the speaker
  24. Straw Man A purposeful choice to oversimplify the other side’s argument to make it easier to refute/ridicule