thrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlinecastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehicleslostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccurstoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from aboveshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armsthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinecontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionspringratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressionshockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingballjointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknuckleswheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationsteering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotionridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadsnegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)rackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifworncasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)wheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmentairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringssteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputanti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollsteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgeartorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratecamberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehiclewheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationsthrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehiclestrutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassisstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementcamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownpowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering effortjounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motionbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelytie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motioncontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotionrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)thrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlinecastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehicleslostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccurstoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from aboveshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armsthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinecontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionspringratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressionshockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingballjointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknuckleswheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationsteering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotionridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadsnegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)rackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifworncasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)wheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmentairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringssteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputanti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollsteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgeartorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratecamberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehiclewheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationsthrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehiclestrutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassisstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementcamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownpowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering effortjounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motionbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelytie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motioncontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotionrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)

CATS ASE Steering & Suspension Vocab - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. aligning the rear axle thrust line with the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust angle adjustment
  2. the distance between the tire’s contact patch and the steering axis intersection point
    caster trail/ steering trail
  3. drives the power steering pump in many vehicles
    power-steering belt/ pulley
  4. excessive free play in steering before wheel movement occurs
    lost motion
  5. the angle the tires are pointed toward (toe-in) or away from (toe-out) each other when viewed from above
    toe-in/toe-out
  6. a front suspension design using unequal length control arms
    short-arm/long-arm (SLA) suspension
  7. the direction in which the rear axle pushes relative to the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust line
  8. a rubber or elastomeric mount that cushions and locates the control arm
    control arm bushing
  9. includes balancing, mounting, inflation, rotation, and inspection
    wheel and tire service
  10. the stiffness of a spring; resistance to compression
    spring rate
  11. a component that controls spring oscillations and motion damping
    shock absorber (damper)
  12. a pivot point allowing multi-directional movement, connecting control arms and steering knuckles
    ball joint
  13. uneven weight distribution in a wheel/tire assembly causing vibration
    wheel imbalance
  14. converts steering wheel input into wheel motion
    steering gear (rack and pinion / recirculating ball)
  15. the feel of the vehicle through suspension movement and damping
    ride quality/ ride comfort
  16. systems that adjust suspension height under varying loads
    load leveling/ height sensing
  17. top of the tire tilts inward (negative) or outward (positive)
    negative camber/ positive camber
  18. internal parts of a steering gear that can cause play or looseness if worn
    rack piston / sector shaft
  19. the tilt of the steering axis when viewed from the side (forward or rearward tilt)
    caster
  20. the distance from the wheel’s mounting surface to its centerline; affects fitment
    wheel offset
  21. uses air springs instead of conventional coil or leaf springs
    air suspension
  22. the amount of road wheel turn compared to steering wheel input
    steering ratio
  23. connects both sides of the suspension to reduce body roll
    anti-roll bar (sway bar)/ sway bar link
  24. the shaft and housing connecting the steering wheel to the steering gear
    steering column
  25. a springing member that resists twist and sets ride height and spring rate
    torsion bar
  26. the tilt of the wheel or tire inward or outward when viewed from the front of the vehicle
    camber
  27. adjusting camber, caster, toe, and thrust angle to meet vehicle specifications
    wheel alignment
  28. the direction the rear wheels push the vehicle relative to the centerline of the vehicle
    thrust angle
  29. combines a shock absorber with a structural component supporting the chassis
    strut assembly
  30. the top mounting point of a strut assembly, often containing a bearing for steering movement
    strut mount/ bearing
  31. variation in camber angle as the suspension moves up or down
    camber change during rebound/ compression
  32. hydraulic or electric components that reduce steering effort
    power steering pump / control valve
  33. limits suspension travel at the extreme ends of movement
    jounce/ rebound bumper
  34. handling conditions where the vehicle turns less (understeer) or more (oversteer) than intended
    understeer/ oversteer
  35. steering linkage components that support or transfer steering motion
    idler arm/ pitman arm
  36. when a steering or suspension part does not move freely
    binding
  37. connects the steering linkage to the steering knuckle, transferring steering motion
    tie rod end
  38. a suspension link that locates the wheel and allows vertical motion
    control arm (upper/ lower)
  39. the vertical distance between the vehicle’s chassis and the ground (or frame and axle)
    ride height