strutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassiswheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationwheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmentanti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinethrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehiclewheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationstorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratesteering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotionshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armsthrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlinesteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgearnegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)springratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressiontoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from abovepowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering efforttie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motionrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)shockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringsjounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementcasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)camberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehicleballjointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknucklesridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingcontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotionrackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifwornpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehiclescamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadslostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccurscastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointsteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motioncontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelystrutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassiswheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationwheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmentanti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinethrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehiclewheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationstorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratesteering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotionshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armsthrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlinesteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgearnegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)springratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressiontoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from abovepowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering efforttie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motionrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)shockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringsjounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementcasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)camberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehicleballjointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknucklesridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingcontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotionrackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifwornpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehiclescamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadslostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccurscastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointsteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motioncontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freely

CATS ASE Steering & Suspension Vocab - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. combines a shock absorber with a structural component supporting the chassis
    strut assembly
  2. uneven weight distribution in a wheel/tire assembly causing vibration
    wheel imbalance
  3. the distance from the wheel’s mounting surface to its centerline; affects fitment
    wheel offset
  4. connects both sides of the suspension to reduce body roll
    anti-roll bar (sway bar)/ sway bar link
  5. handling conditions where the vehicle turns less (understeer) or more (oversteer) than intended
    understeer/ oversteer
  6. includes balancing, mounting, inflation, rotation, and inspection
    wheel and tire service
  7. the direction in which the rear axle pushes relative to the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust line
  8. the direction the rear wheels push the vehicle relative to the centerline of the vehicle
    thrust angle
  9. adjusting camber, caster, toe, and thrust angle to meet vehicle specifications
    wheel alignment
  10. a springing member that resists twist and sets ride height and spring rate
    torsion bar
  11. converts steering wheel input into wheel motion
    steering gear (rack and pinion / recirculating ball)
  12. a front suspension design using unequal length control arms
    short-arm/long-arm (SLA) suspension
  13. aligning the rear axle thrust line with the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust angle adjustment
  14. the shaft and housing connecting the steering wheel to the steering gear
    steering column
  15. top of the tire tilts inward (negative) or outward (positive)
    negative camber/ positive camber
  16. the stiffness of a spring; resistance to compression
    spring rate
  17. the angle the tires are pointed toward (toe-in) or away from (toe-out) each other when viewed from above
    toe-in/toe-out
  18. hydraulic or electric components that reduce steering effort
    power steering pump / control valve
  19. connects the steering linkage to the steering knuckle, transferring steering motion
    tie rod end
  20. the vertical distance between the vehicle’s chassis and the ground (or frame and axle)
    ride height
  21. a component that controls spring oscillations and motion damping
    shock absorber (damper)
  22. the top mounting point of a strut assembly, often containing a bearing for steering movement
    strut mount/ bearing
  23. uses air springs instead of conventional coil or leaf springs
    air suspension
  24. limits suspension travel at the extreme ends of movement
    jounce/ rebound bumper
  25. the tilt of the steering axis when viewed from the side (forward or rearward tilt)
    caster
  26. the tilt of the wheel or tire inward or outward when viewed from the front of the vehicle
    camber
  27. a pivot point allowing multi-directional movement, connecting control arms and steering knuckles
    ball joint
  28. the feel of the vehicle through suspension movement and damping
    ride quality/ ride comfort
  29. a suspension link that locates the wheel and allows vertical motion
    control arm (upper/ lower)
  30. internal parts of a steering gear that can cause play or looseness if worn
    rack piston / sector shaft
  31. drives the power steering pump in many vehicles
    power-steering belt/ pulley
  32. variation in camber angle as the suspension moves up or down
    camber change during rebound/ compression
  33. systems that adjust suspension height under varying loads
    load leveling/ height sensing
  34. excessive free play in steering before wheel movement occurs
    lost motion
  35. the distance between the tire’s contact patch and the steering axis intersection point
    caster trail/ steering trail
  36. the amount of road wheel turn compared to steering wheel input
    steering ratio
  37. steering linkage components that support or transfer steering motion
    idler arm/ pitman arm
  38. a rubber or elastomeric mount that cushions and locates the control arm
    control arm bushing
  39. when a steering or suspension part does not move freely
    binding