casterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)steering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotioncamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelystrutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassislostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccursshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armscontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotionidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motionspringratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressioncastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointcamberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehiclethrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlinethrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehicleshockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)anti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollcontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingsteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionwheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationsrackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifwornsteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgearpowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering effortloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadsballjointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknucklestoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from abovewheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehiclesthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinenegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)wheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmenttorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratejounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementtie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motionairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringscasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)steering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotioncamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelystrutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassislostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccursshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armscontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotionidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motionspringratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressioncastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointcamberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehiclethrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlinethrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehicleshockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)anti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollcontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingsteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionwheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationsrackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifwornsteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgearpowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering effortloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadsballjointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknucklestoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from abovewheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehiclesthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinenegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)wheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmenttorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratejounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementtie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motionairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafsprings

CATS ASE Steering & Suspension Vocab - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. the tilt of the steering axis when viewed from the side (forward or rearward tilt)
    caster
  2. converts steering wheel input into wheel motion
    steering gear (rack and pinion / recirculating ball)
  3. variation in camber angle as the suspension moves up or down
    camber change during rebound/ compression
  4. when a steering or suspension part does not move freely
    binding
  5. combines a shock absorber with a structural component supporting the chassis
    strut assembly
  6. excessive free play in steering before wheel movement occurs
    lost motion
  7. a front suspension design using unequal length control arms
    short-arm/long-arm (SLA) suspension
  8. a suspension link that locates the wheel and allows vertical motion
    control arm (upper/ lower)
  9. steering linkage components that support or transfer steering motion
    idler arm/ pitman arm
  10. the stiffness of a spring; resistance to compression
    spring rate
  11. the distance between the tire’s contact patch and the steering axis intersection point
    caster trail/ steering trail
  12. the tilt of the wheel or tire inward or outward when viewed from the front of the vehicle
    camber
  13. aligning the rear axle thrust line with the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust angle adjustment
  14. the direction the rear wheels push the vehicle relative to the centerline of the vehicle
    thrust angle
  15. a component that controls spring oscillations and motion damping
    shock absorber (damper)
  16. handling conditions where the vehicle turns less (understeer) or more (oversteer) than intended
    understeer/ oversteer
  17. the top mounting point of a strut assembly, often containing a bearing for steering movement
    strut mount/ bearing
  18. the vertical distance between the vehicle’s chassis and the ground (or frame and axle)
    ride height
  19. connects both sides of the suspension to reduce body roll
    anti-roll bar (sway bar)/ sway bar link
  20. a rubber or elastomeric mount that cushions and locates the control arm
    control arm bushing
  21. the feel of the vehicle through suspension movement and damping
    ride quality/ ride comfort
  22. the amount of road wheel turn compared to steering wheel input
    steering ratio
  23. includes balancing, mounting, inflation, rotation, and inspection
    wheel and tire service
  24. adjusting camber, caster, toe, and thrust angle to meet vehicle specifications
    wheel alignment
  25. internal parts of a steering gear that can cause play or looseness if worn
    rack piston / sector shaft
  26. the shaft and housing connecting the steering wheel to the steering gear
    steering column
  27. hydraulic or electric components that reduce steering effort
    power steering pump / control valve
  28. systems that adjust suspension height under varying loads
    load leveling/ height sensing
  29. a pivot point allowing multi-directional movement, connecting control arms and steering knuckles
    ball joint
  30. the angle the tires are pointed toward (toe-in) or away from (toe-out) each other when viewed from above
    toe-in/toe-out
  31. uneven weight distribution in a wheel/tire assembly causing vibration
    wheel imbalance
  32. drives the power steering pump in many vehicles
    power-steering belt/ pulley
  33. the direction in which the rear axle pushes relative to the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust line
  34. top of the tire tilts inward (negative) or outward (positive)
    negative camber/ positive camber
  35. the distance from the wheel’s mounting surface to its centerline; affects fitment
    wheel offset
  36. a springing member that resists twist and sets ride height and spring rate
    torsion bar
  37. limits suspension travel at the extreme ends of movement
    jounce/ rebound bumper
  38. connects the steering linkage to the steering knuckle, transferring steering motion
    tie rod end
  39. uses air springs instead of conventional coil or leaf springs
    air suspension