thrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehiclesteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgearwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinecastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointthrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlineairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringsshockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingtoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from abovenegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)strutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassisrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)camberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehiclecontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotiontorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratewheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationsshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armsridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motionpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehiclesbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelycasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)balljointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknucklesanti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollwheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationtie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motionstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementpowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering effortspringratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressionloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadswheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmentcontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armcamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownjounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementrackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifwornlostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccurssteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputsteering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotionthrustanglethe direction therear wheelspush the vehiclerelative to thecenterline of thevehiclesteeringcolumnthe shaft andhousingconnecting thesteering wheelto the steeringgearwheeland tireserviceincludesbalancing,mounting,inflation,rotation, andinspectionthrustlinethe direction inwhich the rearaxle pushesrelative to thevehicle’scenterlinecastertrail/steeringtrailthe distancebetween the tire’scontact patch andthe steering axisintersection pointthrustangleadjustmentaligning therear axlethrust line withthe vehicle’scenterlineairsuspensionuses airsprings insteadof conventionalcoil or leafspringsshockabsorber(damper)a componentthat controlsspringoscillations andmotiondampingtoe-in/toe-outthe angle the tiresare pointed toward(toe-in) or awayfrom (toe-out)each other whenviewed from abovenegativecamber/positivecambertop of the tiretilts inward(negative) oroutward(positive)strutassemblycombines ashock absorberwith a structuralcomponentsupporting thechassisrideheightthe verticaldistance betweenthe vehicle’schassis and theground (or frameand axle)camberthe tilt of the wheelor tire inward oroutward whenviewed from thefront of the vehiclecontrolarm(upper/lower)a suspensionlink that locatesthe wheel andallows verticalmotiontorsionbara springingmember thatresists twistand sets rideheight andspring ratewheelalignmentadjustingcamber, caster,toe, and thrustangle to meetvehiclespecificationsshort-arm/long-arm (SLA)suspensiona frontsuspensiondesign usingunequal lengthcontrol armsridequality/ridecomfortthe feel of thevehicle throughsuspensionmovement anddampingundersteer/oversteerhandlingconditions wherethe vehicle turnsless (understeer)or more(oversteer) thanintendedidler arm/pitmanarmsteering linkagecomponentsthat support ortransfersteering motionpower-steeringbelt/pulleydrives thepowersteering pumpin manyvehiclesbindingwhen asteering orsuspensionpart does notmove freelycasterthe tilt of thesteering axiswhen viewedfrom the side(forward orrearward tilt)balljointa pivot pointallowing multi-directionalmovement,connecting controlarms and steeringknucklesanti-rollbar (swaybar)/ swaybar linkconnects bothsides of thesuspension toreduce bodyrollwheelimbalanceuneven weightdistribution in awheel/tireassemblycausingvibrationtie rodendconnects thesteering linkageto the steeringknuckle,transferringsteering motionstrutmount/bearingthe top mountingpoint of a strutassembly, oftencontaining abearing forsteeringmovementpowersteeringpump /control valvehydraulic orelectriccomponentsthat reducesteering effortspringratethe stiffnessof a spring;resistance tocompressionloadleveling/heightsensingsystems thatadjustsuspensionheight undervarying loadswheeloffsetthe distancefrom the wheel’smountingsurface to itscenterline;affects fitmentcontrolarmbushinga rubber orelastomericmount thatcushions andlocates thecontrol armcamberchangeduringrebound/compressionvariation incamber angleas thesuspensionmoves up ordownjounce/reboundbumperlimitssuspensiontravel at theextreme endsof movementrackpiston /sectorshaftinternal parts ofa steering gearthat can causeplay orlooseness ifwornlostmotionexcessive freeplay in steeringbefore wheelmovementoccurssteeringratiothe amount ofroad wheelturn comparedto steeringwheel inputsteering gear(rack andpinion /recirculatingball)convertssteeringwheel inputinto wheelmotion

CATS ASE Steering & Suspension Vocab - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. the direction the rear wheels push the vehicle relative to the centerline of the vehicle
    thrust angle
  2. the shaft and housing connecting the steering wheel to the steering gear
    steering column
  3. includes balancing, mounting, inflation, rotation, and inspection
    wheel and tire service
  4. the direction in which the rear axle pushes relative to the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust line
  5. the distance between the tire’s contact patch and the steering axis intersection point
    caster trail/ steering trail
  6. aligning the rear axle thrust line with the vehicle’s centerline
    thrust angle adjustment
  7. uses air springs instead of conventional coil or leaf springs
    air suspension
  8. a component that controls spring oscillations and motion damping
    shock absorber (damper)
  9. the angle the tires are pointed toward (toe-in) or away from (toe-out) each other when viewed from above
    toe-in/toe-out
  10. top of the tire tilts inward (negative) or outward (positive)
    negative camber/ positive camber
  11. combines a shock absorber with a structural component supporting the chassis
    strut assembly
  12. the vertical distance between the vehicle’s chassis and the ground (or frame and axle)
    ride height
  13. the tilt of the wheel or tire inward or outward when viewed from the front of the vehicle
    camber
  14. a suspension link that locates the wheel and allows vertical motion
    control arm (upper/ lower)
  15. a springing member that resists twist and sets ride height and spring rate
    torsion bar
  16. adjusting camber, caster, toe, and thrust angle to meet vehicle specifications
    wheel alignment
  17. a front suspension design using unequal length control arms
    short-arm/long-arm (SLA) suspension
  18. the feel of the vehicle through suspension movement and damping
    ride quality/ ride comfort
  19. handling conditions where the vehicle turns less (understeer) or more (oversteer) than intended
    understeer/ oversteer
  20. steering linkage components that support or transfer steering motion
    idler arm/ pitman arm
  21. drives the power steering pump in many vehicles
    power-steering belt/ pulley
  22. when a steering or suspension part does not move freely
    binding
  23. the tilt of the steering axis when viewed from the side (forward or rearward tilt)
    caster
  24. a pivot point allowing multi-directional movement, connecting control arms and steering knuckles
    ball joint
  25. connects both sides of the suspension to reduce body roll
    anti-roll bar (sway bar)/ sway bar link
  26. uneven weight distribution in a wheel/tire assembly causing vibration
    wheel imbalance
  27. connects the steering linkage to the steering knuckle, transferring steering motion
    tie rod end
  28. the top mounting point of a strut assembly, often containing a bearing for steering movement
    strut mount/ bearing
  29. hydraulic or electric components that reduce steering effort
    power steering pump / control valve
  30. the stiffness of a spring; resistance to compression
    spring rate
  31. systems that adjust suspension height under varying loads
    load leveling/ height sensing
  32. the distance from the wheel’s mounting surface to its centerline; affects fitment
    wheel offset
  33. a rubber or elastomeric mount that cushions and locates the control arm
    control arm bushing
  34. variation in camber angle as the suspension moves up or down
    camber change during rebound/ compression
  35. limits suspension travel at the extreme ends of movement
    jounce/ rebound bumper
  36. internal parts of a steering gear that can cause play or looseness if worn
    rack piston / sector shaft
  37. excessive free play in steering before wheel movement occurs
    lost motion
  38. the amount of road wheel turn compared to steering wheel input
    steering ratio
  39. converts steering wheel input into wheel motion
    steering gear (rack and pinion / recirculating ball)