An appealto credibilityor ethics A direct statementurging theaudience to dosomething,changesomething, orthink differently.  When the authorexplains a term oridea to ensure thereaderunderstands theargument.  Vividdescriptionsthat appeal tothe senses  A statementthat is basedon truth  A specific person,event, or situationused to showhow an ideaworks in real life.  Giving anonhuman ornonliving thing,humancharacteristics.  Repeating asimilargrammaticalstructure toemphasize an ideaor make it morememorable. Free! A brief personal storyor example used tointroduce a topic,build connection, orillustrate a point. Anexaggeratedstatement  A deliberatechange in theauthor’s attitude oremotionalapproach toinfluence thereader’s response.  Using the sameword or phrasemultiple times foremphasis or toreinforce a keyidea.  The emotionalattitude of aspeaker towarda subject   Placing twoopposites neareach other forto createcontrast  A numericaldata point   Information fromstudies, data, orspecialists thatadds credibilityand supports theauthor’s claims.  The final section of atext where the authorwraps up ideas,reinforces themessage, or leavesthe reader with a finalthought. A question askedfor effect, not toget an answer;used to make thereader think.   A structure thatshows how oneevent leads toanother; explainsrelationshipsbetween ideas.  An appealto Logic  an opposing claim toan argument, thatshows the otherviewpoint, andprovides anopportunity for thewriter to refute it.   An appealtoemotion A structure thathighlightsdifferences orsimilarities toclarify a point orstrengthen anargument.  Reasoning orevidence thatcontradicts anopposingviewpoint   Logicalexplanation thatconnects evidenceto a claim; showswhy something istrue.  An appealto credibilityor ethics A direct statementurging theaudience to dosomething,changesomething, orthink differently.  When the authorexplains a term oridea to ensure thereaderunderstands theargument.  Vividdescriptionsthat appeal tothe senses  A statementthat is basedon truth  A specific person,event, or situationused to showhow an ideaworks in real life.  Giving anonhuman ornonliving thing,humancharacteristics.  Repeating asimilargrammaticalstructure toemphasize an ideaor make it morememorable. Free! A brief personal storyor example used tointroduce a topic,build connection, orillustrate a point. Anexaggeratedstatement  A deliberatechange in theauthor’s attitude oremotionalapproach toinfluence thereader’s response.  Using the sameword or phrasemultiple times foremphasis or toreinforce a keyidea.  The emotionalattitude of aspeaker towarda subject   Placing twoopposites neareach other forto createcontrast  A numericaldata point   Information fromstudies, data, orspecialists thatadds credibilityand supports theauthor’s claims.  The final section of atext where the authorwraps up ideas,reinforces themessage, or leavesthe reader with a finalthought. A question askedfor effect, not toget an answer;used to make thereader think.   A structure thatshows how oneevent leads toanother; explainsrelationshipsbetween ideas.  An appealto Logic  an opposing claim toan argument, thatshows the otherviewpoint, andprovides anopportunity for thewriter to refute it.   An appealtoemotion A structure thathighlightsdifferences orsimilarities toclarify a point orstrengthen anargument.  Reasoning orevidence thatcontradicts anopposingviewpoint   Logicalexplanation thatconnects evidenceto a claim; showswhy something istrue. 

Structure & Author's Choices - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. An appeal to credibility or ethics
  2. A direct statement urging the audience to do something, change something, or think differently.
  3. When the author explains a term or idea to ensure the reader understands the argument.
  4. Vivid descriptions that appeal to the senses
  5. A statement that is based on truth
  6. A specific person, event, or situation used to show how an idea works in real life.
  7. Giving a nonhuman or nonliving thing, human characteristics.
  8. Repeating a similar grammatical structure to emphasize an idea or make it more memorable.
  9. Free!
  10. A brief personal story or example used to introduce a topic, build connection, or illustrate a point .
  11. An exaggerated statement
  12. A deliberate change in the author’s attitude or emotional approach to influence the reader’s response.
  13. Using the same word or phrase multiple times for emphasis or to reinforce a key idea.
  14. The emotional attitude of a speaker toward a subject
  15. Placing two opposites near each other for to create contrast
  16. A numerical data point
  17. Information from studies, data, or specialists that adds credibility and supports the author’s claims.
  18. The final section of a text where the author wraps up ideas, reinforces the message, or leaves the reader with a final thought.
  19. A question asked for effect, not to get an answer; used to make the reader think.
  20. A structure that shows how one event leads to another; explains relationships between ideas.
  21. An appeal to Logic
  22. an opposing claim to an argument, that shows the other viewpoint, and provides an opportunity for the writer to refute it.
  23. An appeal to emotion
  24. A structure that highlights differences or similarities to clarify a point or strengthen an argument.
  25. Reasoning or evidence that contradicts an opposing viewpoint
  26. Logical explanation that connects evidence to a claim; shows why something is true.