This muscle is the only one in the quadriceps femoris group to cross two joints (the hip and the knee). Rectus Femoris Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Long head: ischial tuberosity. Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera Biceps Femoris Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Abductor Digiti Minimi Extend the 2nd – 5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, and evert the foot Extensor Digitorum Longus Evert the foot and assist to plantar flex the ankle Fibularis Brevis 1st : Medial surface of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe. 2nd – 4th : Lateral surfaces of proximal phalanges of 2nd – 4th toes. Dorsal Interossei Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Fibularis Longus This muscle is part of the adductor group of the hip but is the only one in its group to have an action at the knee. Gracilis Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle Tibialis Anterior Femoral L2, 3, 4 Quadriceps Femoris Group This muscle is the longest in the body, stretching from the ASIS, across the thigh, to the medial knee. Sartorius You use this muscle when walking on your tiptoes, hiking on a rocky trail, or turning the water tap with your toes when lying in the bathtub. Tibialis Posterior Plantar Flex the ankle Soleus Middle, posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum Longus This muscle has a short belly, but its tendon is the longest in the body. Plantaris Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digitorum Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal phalanx of 1st toe and medial sesamoid bone Abductor Hallucis Medially rotate the flexed knee and flex the knee Popliteus Middle half of posterior fibula Flexor Hallucis Longus Tibial Tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) Quadriceps Femoris Group Iliotibial tract Tensor Fasciae Latae/ Iliotibial Tract This muscle has two heads and can have three different actions, unlike any other muscle of the foot Adductor Hallucis Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Quadratus Plantae Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle, and invert the foot Extensor Hallucis Longus Base of the 5th metatarsal Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia Semimembranosus Medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of 3rd – 5th metatarsals Plantar Interossei Flex middle phalanges of the 2nd – 5th toes Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Second through fourth Lumbricals of the Foot Medial lip of linea aspera Vastus Medialis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2 Semitendinosus The Greek name of this muscle means “belly of the leg”, suggesting it is a round muscle, when it is actually thin compared to the soleus. Gastrocnemius This muscle is the only one in the quadriceps femoris group to cross two joints (the hip and the knee). Rectus Femoris Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Long head: ischial tuberosity. Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera Biceps Femoris Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Abductor Digiti Minimi Extend the 2nd – 5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, and evert the foot Extensor Digitorum Longus Evert the foot and assist to plantar flex the ankle Fibularis Brevis 1st : Medial surface of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe. 2nd – 4th : Lateral surfaces of proximal phalanges of 2nd – 4th toes. Dorsal Interossei Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Fibularis Longus This muscle is part of the adductor group of the hip but is the only one in its group to have an action at the knee. Gracilis Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle Tibialis Anterior Femoral L2, 3, 4 Quadriceps Femoris Group This muscle is the longest in the body, stretching from the ASIS, across the thigh, to the medial knee. Sartorius You use this muscle when walking on your tiptoes, hiking on a rocky trail, or turning the water tap with your toes when lying in the bathtub. Tibialis Posterior Plantar Flex the ankle Soleus Middle, posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum Longus This muscle has a short belly, but its tendon is the longest in the body. Plantaris Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digitorum Longus Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Proximal phalanx of 1st toe and medial sesamoid bone Abductor Hallucis Medially rotate the flexed knee and flex the knee Popliteus Middle half of posterior fibula Flexor Hallucis Longus Tibial Tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) Quadriceps Femoris Group Iliotibial tract Tensor Fasciae Latae/ Iliotibial Tract This muscle has two heads and can have three different actions, unlike any other muscle of the foot Adductor Hallucis Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Quadratus Plantae Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle, and invert the foot Extensor Hallucis Longus Base of the 5th metatarsal Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia Semimembranosus Medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of 3rd – 5th metatarsals Plantar Interossei Flex middle phalanges of the 2nd – 5th toes Flexor Digitorum Brevis Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Second through fourth Lumbricals of the Foot Medial lip of linea aspera Vastus Medialis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Extensor Digitorum Brevis Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2 Semitendinosus The Greek name of this muscle means “belly of the leg”, suggesting it is a round muscle, when it is actually thin compared to the soleus. Gastrocnemius
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M-Rectus Femoris
N-Flexor Hallucis Brevis
O-Biceps Femoris
O-Abductor Digiti Minimi
A-Extensor Digitorum Longus
A-Fibularis Brevis
I-Dorsal Interossei
N-Fibularis Longus
M-Gracilis
A-Tibialis Anterior
N-Quadriceps Femoris Group
M-Sartorius
M-Tibialis Posterior
A-Soleus
O-Flexor Digitorum Longus
M-Plantaris
N-Flexor Digitorum Longus
N-Extensor Hallucis Brevis
I-Abductor Hallucis
A-Popliteus
O-Flexor Hallucis Longus
I-Quadriceps Femoris Group
I-Tensor Fasciae Latae/ Iliotibial Tract
M-Adductor Hallucis
I-Quadratus Plantae
A-Extensor Hallucis Longus
O-Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
I-Semimembranosus
I-Plantar Interossei
A-Flexor Digitorum Brevis
N-Second through fourth Lumbricals of the Foot
O-Vastus Medialis
O-Extensor Digitorum Brevis
N-Semitendinosus
M-Gastrocnemius
