Medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of 3rd – 5th metatarsals Plantar Interossei Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digitorum Longus This muscle has a short belly, but its tendon is the longest in the body. Plantaris Tibial Tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) Quadriceps Femoris Group This muscle is the only one in the quadriceps femoris group to cross two joints (the hip and the knee). Rectus Femoris Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Abductor Digiti Minimi Proximal phalanx of 1st toe and medial sesamoid bone Abductor Hallucis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Extensor Digitorum Brevis The Greek name of this muscle means “belly of the leg”, suggesting it is a round muscle, when it is actually thin compared to the soleus. Gastrocnemius 1st : Medial surface of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe. 2nd – 4th : Lateral surfaces of proximal phalanges of 2nd – 4th toes. Dorsal Interossei Medial lip of linea aspera Vastus Medialis Femoral L2, 3, 4 Quadriceps Femoris Group Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle, and invert the foot Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Second through fourth Lumbricals of the Foot Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Middle half of posterior fibula Flexor Hallucis Longus This muscle is part of the adductor group of the hip but is the only one in its group to have an action at the knee. Gracilis You use this muscle when walking on your tiptoes, hiking on a rocky trail, or turning the water tap with your toes when lying in the bathtub. Tibialis Posterior Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Quadratus Plantae Medially rotate the flexed knee and flex the knee Popliteus This muscle has two heads and can have three different actions, unlike any other muscle of the foot Adductor Hallucis Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle Tibialis Anterior Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia Semimembranosus Iliotibial tract Tensor Fasciae Latae/ Iliotibial Tract Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Plantar Flex the ankle Soleus Base of the 5th metatarsal Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2 Semitendinosus Evert the foot and assist to plantar flex the ankle Fibularis Brevis This muscle is the longest in the body, stretching from the ASIS, across the thigh, to the medial knee. Sartorius Long head: ischial tuberosity. Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera Biceps Femoris Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Fibularis Longus Middle, posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum Longus Flex middle phalanges of the 2nd – 5th toes Flexor Digitorum Brevis Extend the 2nd – 5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, and evert the foot Extensor Digitorum Longus Medial surfaces of proximal phalanges of 3rd – 5th metatarsals Plantar Interossei Tibial L5, S1, (2) Flexor Digitorum Longus This muscle has a short belly, but its tendon is the longest in the body. Plantaris Tibial Tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament) Quadriceps Femoris Group This muscle is the only one in the quadriceps femoris group to cross two joints (the hip and the knee). Rectus Femoris Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis Abductor Digiti Minimi Proximal phalanx of 1st toe and medial sesamoid bone Abductor Hallucis Dorsal surface of calcaneus Extensor Digitorum Brevis The Greek name of this muscle means “belly of the leg”, suggesting it is a round muscle, when it is actually thin compared to the soleus. Gastrocnemius 1st : Medial surface of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe. 2nd – 4th : Lateral surfaces of proximal phalanges of 2nd – 4th toes. Dorsal Interossei Medial lip of linea aspera Vastus Medialis Femoral L2, 3, 4 Quadriceps Femoris Group Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle, and invert the foot Extensor Hallucis Longus Tibial L(4), (5), S1, 2 Second through fourth Lumbricals of the Foot Tibial L4, 5, S1 Flexor Hallucis Brevis Middle half of posterior fibula Flexor Hallucis Longus This muscle is part of the adductor group of the hip but is the only one in its group to have an action at the knee. Gracilis You use this muscle when walking on your tiptoes, hiking on a rocky trail, or turning the water tap with your toes when lying in the bathtub. Tibialis Posterior Posterior, lateral aspect of flexor digitorum longus tendon Quadratus Plantae Medially rotate the flexed knee and flex the knee Popliteus This muscle has two heads and can have three different actions, unlike any other muscle of the foot Adductor Hallucis Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle Tibialis Anterior Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia Semimembranosus Iliotibial tract Tensor Fasciae Latae/ Iliotibial Tract Deep Fibular L4, 5, S1 Extensor Hallucis Brevis Plantar Flex the ankle Soleus Base of the 5th metatarsal Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Sciatic (tibial branch) L4, 5, S1, 2 Semitendinosus Evert the foot and assist to plantar flex the ankle Fibularis Brevis This muscle is the longest in the body, stretching from the ASIS, across the thigh, to the medial knee. Sartorius Long head: ischial tuberosity. Short head: lateral lip of linea aspera Biceps Femoris Superficial Fibular L4, 5, S1 Fibularis Longus Middle, posterior surface of tibia Flexor Digitorum Longus Flex middle phalanges of the 2nd – 5th toes Flexor Digitorum Brevis Extend the 2nd – 5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, and evert the foot Extensor Digitorum Longus
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I-Plantar Interossei
N-Flexor Digitorum Longus
M-Plantaris
I-Quadriceps Femoris Group
M-Rectus Femoris
O-Abductor Digiti Minimi
I-Abductor Hallucis
O-Extensor Digitorum Brevis
M-Gastrocnemius
I-Dorsal Interossei
O-Vastus Medialis
N-Quadriceps Femoris Group
A-Extensor Hallucis Longus
N-Second through fourth Lumbricals of the Foot
N-Flexor Hallucis Brevis
O-Flexor Hallucis Longus
M-Gracilis
M-Tibialis Posterior
I-Quadratus Plantae
A-Popliteus
M-Adductor Hallucis
A-Tibialis Anterior
I-Semimembranosus
I-Tensor Fasciae Latae/ Iliotibial Tract
N-Extensor Hallucis Brevis
A-Soleus
O-Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
N-Semitendinosus
A-Fibularis Brevis
M-Sartorius
O-Biceps Femoris
N-Fibularis Longus
O-Flexor Digitorum Longus
A-Flexor Digitorum Brevis
A-Extensor Digitorum Longus
