PA instructioncan preventnegativelong-termeffects..Phonologicaldevelopmentlargelycomplete byage 5phonemicawarenessbegins tostalbizearound age 5More complexconsonantclusters stilldevelopinguntil age 9non-developmentalpatterns areassociated withgreater difficultyreadingonset-rimeawarenessphonemicawarenessdividevs.divisionsyllableawarenessPA developsfrom bigchunks tosmallerchunksPA beginsto developaround...PA skillsdevelopthrough theschool yearsphonologicalprocessingContrastivestress isn’t yetadult like formost childreneven at age 11morphophonology4% of 6-year-oldslearn to readwith an SSDaccelerationbetweenages 3-4direct PA andsound-lettercorrespondencdeinstruction =better readingand spellingumbrella termfor processingsounds inone'slanguageIf a SSD isphonology-based, it willlikely affectreadingThe worse thephonemic-based disorder,the harderreading andspelling will be[s, l, ɹ, θ]blends and 3-element [s]clusters latestto developphonemelevelearly PAskills predictlater readingskillskids withbetter PAskills...PA teachingworks best whenpaired withsound-lettercorrestpondencephonemic-basedspeechdifficultiespre-teensand teensstill learningintonationnuancesphonologicalawareness(PA)PA instructioncan preventnegativelong-termeffects..Phonologicaldevelopmentlargelycomplete byage 5phonemicawarenessbegins tostalbizearound age 5More complexconsonantclusters stilldevelopinguntil age 9non-developmentalpatterns areassociated withgreater difficultyreadingonset-rimeawarenessphonemicawarenessdividevs.divisionsyllableawarenessPA developsfrom bigchunks tosmallerchunksPA beginsto developaround...PA skillsdevelopthrough theschool yearsphonologicalprocessingContrastivestress isn’t yetadult like formost childreneven at age 11morphophonology4% of 6-year-oldslearn to readwith an SSDaccelerationbetweenages 3-4direct PA andsound-lettercorrespondencdeinstruction =better readingand spellingumbrella termfor processingsounds inone'slanguageIf a SSD isphonology-based, it willlikely affectreadingThe worse thephonemic-based disorder,the harderreading andspelling will be[s, l, ɹ, θ]blends and 3-element [s]clusters latestto developphonemelevelearly PAskills predictlater readingskillskids withbetter PAskills...PA teachingworks best whenpaired withsound-lettercorrestpondencephonemic-basedspeechdifficultiespre-teensand teensstill learningintonationnuancesphonologicalawareness(PA)

Phonological Awareness, SSDs, and Literacy - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. PA instruction can prevent negative long-term effects..
  2. Phonological development largely complete by age 5
  3. phonemic awareness begins to stalbize around age 5
  4. More complex consonant clusters still developing until age 9
  5. non-developmental patterns are associated with greater difficulty reading
  6. onset-rime awareness
  7. phonemic awareness
  8. divide vs. division
  9. syllable awareness
  10. PA develops from big chunks to smaller chunks
  11. PA begins to develop around...
  12. PA skills develop through the school years
  13. phonological processing
  14. Contrastive stress isn’t yet adult like for most children even at age 11
  15. morphophonology
  16. 4% of 6-year-olds learn to read with an SSD
  17. acceleration between ages 3-4
  18. direct PA and sound-letter correspondencde instruction = better reading and spelling
  19. umbrella term for processing sounds in one's language
  20. If a SSD is phonology-based, it will likely affect reading
  21. The worse the phonemic-based disorder, the harder reading and spelling will be
  22. [s, l, ɹ, θ] blends and 3-element [s] clusters latest to develop
  23. phoneme level
  24. early PA skills predict later reading skills
  25. kids with better PA skills...
  26. PA teaching works best when paired with sound-letter correstpondence
  27. phonemic-based speech difficulties
  28. pre-teens and teens still learning intonation nuances
  29. phonological awareness (PA)