PA beginsto developaround...phonemicawarenessMore complexconsonantclusters stilldevelopinguntil age 9Contrastivestress isn’t yetadult like formost childreneven at age 11PA teachingworks best whenpaired withsound-lettercorrestpondencesyllableawarenessmorphophonologyphonologicalawareness(PA)accelerationbetweenages 3-4dividevs.divisionpre-teensand teensstill learningintonationnuancesphonologicalprocessingThe worse thephonemic-based disorder,the harderreading andspelling will bedirect PA andsound-lettercorrespondencdeinstruction =better readingand spellingIf a SSD isphonology-based, it willlikely affectreadingphonemicawarenessbegins tostalbizearound age 5PA skillsdevelopthrough theschool yearsearly PAskills predictlater readingskillsphonemic-basedspeechdifficulties4% of 6-year-oldslearn to readwith an SSDPhonologicaldevelopmentlargelycomplete byage 5umbrella termfor processingsounds inone'slanguagekids withbetter PAskills...non-developmentalpatterns areassociated withgreater difficultyreading[s, l, ɹ, θ]blends and 3-element [s]clusters latestto developphonemelevelPA developsfrom bigchunks tosmallerchunksPA instructioncan preventnegativelong-termeffects..onset-rimeawarenessPA beginsto developaround...phonemicawarenessMore complexconsonantclusters stilldevelopinguntil age 9Contrastivestress isn’t yetadult like formost childreneven at age 11PA teachingworks best whenpaired withsound-lettercorrestpondencesyllableawarenessmorphophonologyphonologicalawareness(PA)accelerationbetweenages 3-4dividevs.divisionpre-teensand teensstill learningintonationnuancesphonologicalprocessingThe worse thephonemic-based disorder,the harderreading andspelling will bedirect PA andsound-lettercorrespondencdeinstruction =better readingand spellingIf a SSD isphonology-based, it willlikely affectreadingphonemicawarenessbegins tostalbizearound age 5PA skillsdevelopthrough theschool yearsearly PAskills predictlater readingskillsphonemic-basedspeechdifficulties4% of 6-year-oldslearn to readwith an SSDPhonologicaldevelopmentlargelycomplete byage 5umbrella termfor processingsounds inone'slanguagekids withbetter PAskills...non-developmentalpatterns areassociated withgreater difficultyreading[s, l, ɹ, θ]blends and 3-element [s]clusters latestto developphonemelevelPA developsfrom bigchunks tosmallerchunksPA instructioncan preventnegativelong-termeffects..onset-rimeawareness

Phonological Awareness, SSDs, and Literacy - Call List

(Print) Use this randomly generated list as your call list when playing the game. There is no need to say the BINGO column name. Place some kind of mark (like an X, a checkmark, a dot, tally mark, etc) on each cell as you announce it, to keep track. You can also cut out each item, place them in a bag and pull words from the bag.


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  1. PA begins to develop around...
  2. phonemic awareness
  3. More complex consonant clusters still developing until age 9
  4. Contrastive stress isn’t yet adult like for most children even at age 11
  5. PA teaching works best when paired with sound-letter correstpondence
  6. syllable awareness
  7. morphophonology
  8. phonological awareness (PA)
  9. acceleration between ages 3-4
  10. divide vs. division
  11. pre-teens and teens still learning intonation nuances
  12. phonological processing
  13. The worse the phonemic-based disorder, the harder reading and spelling will be
  14. direct PA and sound-letter correspondencde instruction = better reading and spelling
  15. If a SSD is phonology-based, it will likely affect reading
  16. phonemic awareness begins to stalbize around age 5
  17. PA skills develop through the school years
  18. early PA skills predict later reading skills
  19. phonemic-based speech difficulties
  20. 4% of 6-year-olds learn to read with an SSD
  21. Phonological development largely complete by age 5
  22. umbrella term for processing sounds in one's language
  23. kids with better PA skills...
  24. non-developmental patterns are associated with greater difficulty reading
  25. [s, l, ɹ, θ] blends and 3-element [s] clusters latest to develop
  26. phoneme level
  27. PA develops from big chunks to smaller chunks
  28. PA instruction can prevent negative long-term effects..
  29. onset-rime awareness